Similarities Between Polish and Russian

There are many similarities between Polish and Russian, which are both Slavic languages, so can a Polish speaker understand someone who is speaking Russian and vice versa?

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The Polish language (język polski) is a West Slavic language. It is the native language of the Poles and is spoken primarily in Poland where it has official status, along with the European Union. The Polish alphabet contains 9 additions to the letters of the basic Latin script (ą, ć, ę, ł, ń, ó, ś, ź, ż). Polish is closely related to Kashubian, Silesian, Upper Sorbian, Lower Sorbian, Czech and Slovak. Historically, Polish began to emerge as a distinct language around the 10th century which largely triggered the establishment of the Polish state. In addition to Poland, the Polish language is native to Slovakia, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, central-western Lithuania, bordering regions of western Ukraine and western Belarus, Romania, Moldova. It is recognized as a minority language in Czech Republic, Hungary, Lithuania, Slovakia, and Ukraine.

Russian (русский язык) is an East Slavic language and an official language in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and many minor or unrecognized territories. It is an unofficial but widely spoken language in Latvia, Moldova, Ukraine and to a lesser extent, the other post-Soviet states.