15. Rome and a Villa: Hadrian's Pantheon and Tivoli Retreat

Roman Architecture (HSAR 252)

Professor Kleiner features the architecture built in and around Rome during the reign of Hadrian. The lecture begins with the Temple of Venus and Roma, a Greek-style temple constructed near the Colosseum in Rome, which may have been designed by Hadrian himself. Professor Kleiner then turns to the Pantheon, a temple dedicated to all the gods that combines the marble porch and pediment of a traditional Greco-Roman temple with a vast concrete cylindrical drum, hemispherical dome, and central oculus. The porch serves to conceal the circular shape from view, but upon entering the structure the visitor is impressed by the massive interior space and theatrical play of light. The Pantheon represents the culmination of the Roman quest towards an architecture that shapes and dramatizes interior space. Professor Kleiner next discusses the Villa of Hadrian at Tivoli, a sprawling complex in which the emperor re-created buildings and works of art he observed during his empire-wide travels. The lecture concludes with a brief overview of the Mausoleum of Hadrian (the Castel Sant'Angelo), a round tomb that refers back to the Mausoleum of Augustus and served as the last resting place for Hadrian and the succeeding Antonine dynasty.

00:00 - Chapter 1. The Temple of Venus and Roma: A Greek Temple in Rome
15:14 - Chapter 2. The Pantheon: A Temple to All the Gods
29:57 - Chapter 3. The Pantheon and Its Impact on Later Architecture
47:48 - Chapter 4. Hadrians Villa at Tivoli: Travelogue and Retreat
56:21 - Chapter 5. Unique Designs at Hadrians Villa and the Castel Sant Angelo in Rome

Complete course materials are available at the Open Yale Courses website: http://open.yale.edu/courses

This course was recorded in Spring 2009.