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1984 Sikh riots in Delhi l सिख दंगे l BPSC AEDO l Polity #bpsc #bpscprelims #polity

In this important Polity + Modern History session, we explain the 1984 Sikh Riots — causes, timeline, role of government, investigation committees, legal provisions and exam-focused facts.
Questions from this topic appear in BPSC AEDO, BPSC Prelims, SSC, BSSC, Railways, and other competitive exams.

📚 What You Will Learn
🔸 1. What were the 1984 Sikh Riots? (सिख दंगे क्या थे?)

✔ Anti-Sikh violence occurred mainly in Delhi
✔ Triggered after Prime Minister Indira Gandhi’s assassination (31 Oct 1984)
✔ Thousands of Sikhs were attacked, homes & properties destroyed
✔ Considered one of the worst communal riots in India

🔥 2. Key Causes of the Riots

✔ Assassination by Sikh bodyguards (Beant Singh, Satwant Singh)
✔ Rising tension after Operation Blue Star (1984)
✔ Failures in law-and-order management
✔ Misinformation, mob violence & political instigation

📅 3. Timeline of Events

✔ 31 Oct 1984 — Indira Gandhi assassinated
✔ 1–4 Nov 1984 — Violence spreads in Delhi
✔ Curfew imposed, Army deployed late
✔ Thousands killed, mainly in Delhi, Kanpur, Bokaro

⚖️ 4. Investigation Committees & Reports

Multiple committees were formed, including:
✔ Ranganath Misra Commission (1985)
✔ Jain–Banerjee Committee
✔ Nanavati Commission (2000)
✔ Kapur–Kusum Mittal Committee
✔ Narula Committee

Important findings:
✔ Administrative failure
✔ Delayed police action
✔ Recommended reopening of several cases

📌 5. Legal Reforms After the Riots

✔ Stronger laws for communal violence
✔ Compensation packages for victims
✔ Fast-track courts in later years

🏛️ 6. Constitutional Context (नागरिक अधिकार व संवैधानिक पक्ष)

✔ Article 21 — Right to Life violated
✔ Duty of the State to protect citizens
✔ Need for police reforms
✔ Highlights importance of Rule of Law

❓ 7. Most Expected MCQs (BPSC / AEDO / SSC)

✔ 1984 riots occurred after whose assassination?
✔ Misra Commission associated with?
✔ Nanavati Commission investigated which event?
✔ Operation Blue Star happened in which year?
✔ Article associated with Right to Life?

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