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Waterproofing is a process or treatment designed to make a surface or structure resistant to the penetration of water under specified conditions. It's an essential aspect of construction and maintenance, particularly in areas prone to moisture or water exposure.

*Types of Waterproofing:*

1. *Membrane Waterproofing:* Involves applying a thin layer of waterproof material (like bitumen, PVC, EPDM, or polyurethane) onto surfaces to create a barrier against water.

2. *Integral Waterproofing:* This method involves adding waterproofing agents directly into the concrete mix during construction to improve its water resistance.

3. *Cementitious Waterproofing:* Uses cement-based products that form a rigid waterproof layer when mixed and applied to surfaces like concrete, masonry, or brick.

4. *Liquid Applied Membrane:* Typically consists of liquid polymer-based products that are applied as coatings, forming a seamless, flexible membrane upon curing.

5. *Injection Waterproofing:* Involves injecting specialized materials (like polyurethane or epoxy) into cracks or voids to seal them against water infiltration.

6. *Sheet Membrane Waterproofing:* Involves adhering pre-formed sheets or rolls of waterproof material (like bitumen or PVC) to surfaces using adhesives or heat welding.

Each method has its advantages depending on the specific requirements of the project, such as the type of structure, exposure to water, and environmental conditions.