What are Types of steam Boiler Tube Failures & Deformities? And How to fix?

This video explain What are 3 Types of steam Boiler Tube Failures & Deformities? And How Can Repair?

now that we've covered the basic causes of tube failure let's go over some of the types of tube failures and deformities, deformities are irregularities in the tube metal that can lead to tube failure first let's examine different kinds of failures that cause leaks the first type is a rupture there are three kinds of ruptures thin-lipped thick-lipped and double-ended thin-lipped ruptures are usually caused by sudden and severe overheating they look something like a burst bubble

the open lips are uniformly tapered to sharp knife like edges there is no evidence of cracking or a regular tearing of the metal in a thin-lipped rupture now thick-lipped ruptures are caused by milder but more prolonged overheating this kind of overheating is often caused by deposits on the inside of the tube thick-lipped ruptures

resemble thin-lipped ruptures except that their edges are thicker and more ragged as you can see here this kind of rupture is
common to super-heater tubes double end ruptures are also caused by overheating here the tube separates completely at the point of failure leaving two free ends three more failures you may run across our fatigue cracks tearing of tube metal a12 patches and the tearing of tube metal at support clip attachments fatigue

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