How to Cell Reference in Excel

In this step-by-step tutorial video, learn about when to use a relative cell reference and when to use an absolute cell reference.

Access the sheet that I used in this video here: https://1drv.ms/x/s!AmxrofZZlZ-whIZ5C...

By default, a cell reference is a relative reference in Excel. This means that the reference is relative to the location of the cell. If, for example, you refer to cell A2 from cell C2, you are actually referring to a cell that is two columns to the left (C minus A)—in the same row (2). When you copy a formula that contains a relative cell reference, that reference in the formula will change.

Less often, you may want to mixed absolute and relative cell references by preceding either the column or the row value with a dollar sign—which fixes either the column or the row (for example, $B4 or C$4).

To change the type of cell reference: Select the cell that contains the formula. In the formula bar Button image , select the reference that you want to change. Press F4 to switch between the reference types.

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More information about cell references here: https://support.office.com/en-us/arti...