Why A Poorly Preserved Qianlong Vase Sold €322,000?

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Copper-red glaze appeared during the Yuan Dynasty, but the glaze color was generally dull until the Yongle and Xuande period of the Ming Dynasty when a bright red color resembling precious gems was finally produced, marking the first peak of high-temperature #copperredGlazePorcelain. However, after the Xuande period, this technology did not advance and instead declined due to social upheaval and the intermittent firing of #imperialKilns, even to the point of being lost. When the imperial court was unable to produce qualified high-temperature #copperredglaze products during the production of sacrificial vessels in the second year of the Jiajing period, they were forced to "order porcelain firing in Jiangxi and change the internal bright red to dark madder red" (from "The Ming Code, Volume 201").

The second peak of high-temperature copper-red glaze did not emerge until the #Kangxiperiod of the Qing Dynasty (some scholars believe that high-temperature copper-red glaze was already being produced during the Shunzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, but the presence of blue and white glaze inside the copper-red glaze needs further investigation). From current research results, after #EmperorKangxi quelled the #ThreeFeudatories'Rebellion and society entered a period of peaceful development, the nearly-lost high-temperature copper-red glaze technology was rediscovered and high-temperature copper-red glaze was once again successfully produced. Copper-red glaze was used as a color for painting patterns, and the blue and white glaze combined with copper-red glaze was also revitalized. By the Yongzheng period, due to continuous improvements in technology, the color of blue and white glaze inside the copper-red glaze, which had been difficult to control in the past, gradually became controllable, and the quality of firing could be controlled as well. The lines of the painted patterns remained clear and did not blur after firing, and the colors of blue and white glaze and copper-red glaze complemented each other. In the Qianlong period, many blue and white glaze with copper-red glaze works reached the pinnacle of perfection.

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