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The gothic genre has influenced modern horror, fantasy, and psychological thrillers. Contemporary works often reinvent gothic themes, blending them with modern anxieties and settings.

Identify the key features of Gothic Literature.
Explore literary devices used in Gothic stories.
Read and analyse an excerpt from the Gothic text, A Tell Tale Heart.
Use elements of a Gothic narrative to plan our own Gothic story.

What does Gothic mean?
Gothic literature is a genre of writing that features dark themes, such as mystery, horror or the supernatural.

Features of a Gothic Text
There are four distinct features that indicate whether a text is Gothic:
Eerie Setting
Mysterious Characters
Supernatural Elements
A sense of Foreboding Tension

Edgar Allan Poe:
A well-known Gothic author is Edgar Allan Poe. He was an American author best known for his poems and short stories. Poe was a key figure in the Gothic and Romanticism literary movements in America during the 1800s. His work is considered very influential, specifically his horror short stories.

One of his most famous works was a short story called The Tell-Tale Heart (1843).

The Tell-Tale Heart:
The story is written in the first-person narrative. The narrator explains that he’s killed a man because of the man’s ‘pale blue eye’. For a week, our narrator watches the man as he sleeps each night and then finally kills him and hides the body under his floorboards. He begins to hear the imaginary heartbeat of the man, ‘louder and louder’, and eventually admits to the crime. Throughout the story, the narrator tries to convince the reader he’s not mad.

Features of The Tell-Tale Heart:
Eerie Setting:
The story mostly takes place in the victim's small, dimly lit room, which intensifies the suspense.
Mysterious Characters:
We don’t know much about the narrator or the victim in the story as they are not given any physical attributes apart from the old man’s eye.

Supernatural Elements:
The man’s heartbeats are heard even after his death, haunting the narrator.

Sense of Foreboding Tension:
The narrator goes to great lengths to describe his plan, and the story pace picks up faster and faster.

Spooky by Design:
There are many literary devices authors deliberately use to ensure a spooky atmosphere and uneasy feeling in Gothic texts.
Let’s examine the literary devices used in a Gothic narrative, and how Poe uses them in The Tell-tale Heart.

Gothic Device 1:
Building Tension:
Building tension refers to an author’s ability to make readers feel what the characters feel. In Gothic texts, the feeling is usually worry, fear or suspense.

Poe builds tension by repeating certain words throughout the story. Consider what ‘It’ is referring to in the excerpt on the right.
What is the impact of building tension in this text?
It grew quicker and quicker, and louder and louder every instant. The old man’s terror must have been extreme! It grew louder, I say, louder every moment!
It grew louder — louder — louder!


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