Скачать или смотреть Resolving ERROR 1 (HY000) in MySQL: Fixing Permission Issues When Using OUTFILE

An in-depth guide to resolving the MySQL `ERROR 1 (HY000)` when attempting to write query results to a file due to permission errors in Ubuntu 20.04.
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This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/69323912/ asked by the user 'Muhamamd Salman Khan' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/16999691/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/69324073/ provided by the user 'DuhVir' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/9122690/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions.

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Troubleshooting ERROR 1 (HY000) in MySQL: Permission Denied When Using OUTFILE

Are you facing the frustrating ERROR 1 (HY000): Can't create/write to file '...' (Errcode: 13 "Permission denied") message while trying to save your SQL query output to a file? This issue is common, especially on Linux systems like Ubuntu 20.04, and can stem from permission settings in MySQL. In this guide, we will dive into the reasons behind this error and how you can efficiently resolve it.

Understanding the Issue

When attempting to execute a MySQL command such as:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

You may encounter this error because the MySQL server does not have the necessary permissions to write files in the specified directory. This is often related to the secure_file_priv system variable in MySQL, which restricts where files can be created or read.

Why Does This Error Occur?

Permission Issues: The directory you specified (/root/sql/) is not writable by the MySQL server process, which runs under a different user typically without root privileges.

secure_file_priv Setting: MySQL includes a security feature called secure_file_priv that limits the directories from which files can be written or read. This means your MySQL operations might be constrained to a specific directory.

How to Resolve the Issue

Let's walk through the steps to find a solution to this problem.

Step 1: Check the Current secure_file_priv Setting

Begin by checking what directories are allowed for file operations by executing the following command in the MySQL shell:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

You might see output similar to:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

In this case, you are restricted to the directory /var/lib/mysql-files/ for writing files.

Step 2: Choose the Correct Directory

Instead of trying to write to /root/sql/, which is likely causing the permission error, you should write to a directory specified by the secure_file_priv, such as /var/lib/mysql-files/. Adjust your query to look like this:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Step 3: Adjust MySQL Configuration (if necessary)

If you need to change the secure_file_priv setting to allow file operations in a different directory, you can do so by editing the MySQL configuration file (my.cnf). Here’s how:

Open the configuration file in a text editor:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Add or modify the below line within the [mysqld] section:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Restart the MySQL service to apply your changes:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Step 4: Test Your Query Again

After making changes to either the output path or the configuration, run your original SQL command again. If everything is set up correctly, the file should be created without any permission issues.

Conclusion

Permission errors in MySQL when trying to write files can be resolved by understanding the secure_file_priv setting and ensuring you have the correct directories specified. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you can successfully save your SQL query outputs to the desired location. Don't let these roadblocks hinder your productivity—implement these solutions and continue with your database management tasks.

If you have any further questions or issues, feel free to ask in the comments below!