Скачать или смотреть How to Use Python Dotenv (python-dotenv) to Manage Environment Variables (2025)

Want to keep your *API keys, database credentials, and sensitive configurations secure* in your Python projects? 🛡️ In this tutorial, I’ll show you how to use the *python-dotenv* package to manage *environment variables* effectively in your applications.

By the end of this video, you’ll know how to *store, load, and use environment variables* in Python projects, making your code cleaner and more secure! 🚀

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*🔹 What You’ll Learn in This Video:*
✅ Why use *environment variables* in Python
✅ How to install and use the *python-dotenv* package
✅ How to create and load a *.env file*
✅ How to access environment variables in Python
✅ Best practices for securing sensitive information

---

*🔹 Prerequisites*
✔️ *Python Installed* ([Download Python](https://www.python.org/downloads/))
✔️ *Basic Python knowledge*
✔️ A *code editor* (VS Code, PyCharm, etc.)

---

*🔹 Step 1: Install python-dotenv*
First, install the *python-dotenv* package using pip:

```bash
pip install python-dotenv
```

---

*🔹 Step 2: Create a .env File*
In your project directory, create a *.env* file and add your environment variables:

```env
SECRET_KEY=mysecretkey123
DATABASE_URL=postgresql://user:password@localhost:5432/mydatabase
DEBUG=True
```

🔹 *Never commit your .env file* to Git! Add `.env` to your *.gitignore* file.

---

*🔹 Step 3: Load Environment Variables in Python*
Use the `dotenv` package to load your environment variables into your Python script:

```python
from dotenv import load_dotenv
import os

Load .env file
load_dotenv()

Access environment variables
SECRET_KEY = os.getenv("SECRET_KEY")
DATABASE_URL = os.getenv("DATABASE_URL")
DEBUG = os.getenv("DEBUG")

print("Secret Key:", SECRET_KEY)
print("Database URL:", DATABASE_URL)
print("Debug Mode:", DEBUG)
```

---

*🔹 Step 4: Using Environment Variables in a Flask App*
If you're working with *Flask**, you can load `.env` variables in your **config.py* file:

```python
from dotenv import load_dotenv
import os

load_dotenv()

class Config:
SECRET_KEY = os.getenv("SECRET_KEY")
DATABASE_URI = os.getenv("DATABASE_URL")
DEBUG = os.getenv("DEBUG", "False") == "True"
```

Then, import and use this configuration in your Flask app:

```python
from flask import Flask
from config import Config

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config.from_object(Config)

@app.route("/")
def home():
return "Flask app with environment variables!"

if _name_ == "__main__":
app.run(debug=app.config["DEBUG"])
```

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*🔹 Best Practices for Using Environment Variables*
🔹 *Keep sensitive information out of your code*
🔹 *Use .gitignore to exclude .env files*
🔹 *Use environment variables in production instead of hardcoding secrets*
🔹 *Use a secrets manager like AWS Secrets Manager or HashiCorp Vault for high-security applications*

---

*🔹 FAQs About python-dotenv*

🔹 *What is python-dotenv?*
It is a package that allows you to *load environment variables from a .env file* into your Python application.

🔹 *Why use environment variables?*
They help separate configuration from code, making applications more **secure, portable, and scalable**.

🔹 *How do I store boolean values in a .env file?*
Environment variables are always strings. Use `DEBUG=True` and parse it in Python:

```python
DEBUG = os.getenv("DEBUG", "False") == "True"
```

🔹 *Can I use dotenv with Django?*
Yes! Just load it in your `settings.py` file:

```python
import os
from dotenv import load_dotenv

load_dotenv()

SECRET_KEY = os.getenv("SECRET_KEY")
DEBUG = os.getenv("DEBUG", "False") == "True"
```

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*🔹 Who Is This Tutorial For?*
✅ Python developers securing API keys & credentials
✅ Flask/Django developers managing app configurations
✅ Anyone working on *Python projects with environment variables*

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*🔹 More Python Tutorials:*
📌 *How to Build a Flask REST API* → [Watch Now]
📌 *How to Use AWS Secrets Manager for Secure Credentials* → [Watch Now]
📌 *How to Deploy Flask Apps with Docker & AWS* → [Watch Now]

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💬 Have questions? Drop them in the *comments* below!

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*🔹 Hashtags:*
#Python #Dotenv #EnvironmentVariables #Flask #Django #PythonTips #PythonProgramming #SecretsManagement #CyberSecurity #PythonDotenv

Now, you can manage environment variables like a pro using **python-dotenv**! 🔥