PHARMACOGNOSY || DRUGS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN || SPERMACETI AND GELATIN || LECTURE # 5 || HOPELESS MEDICOS

PHARMACOGNOSY || DRUGS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN || SPERMACETI AND GELATIN || LECTURE # 5 || HOPELESS MEDICOS

---------TIME STAMPS--------
0:00 – INTRODUCTION OF SPERMACETI
1:15 – METHODS OF OBTAINING SPERMACETI
1:45 – CHARACTERISTICS OF SPERMACETI
2:54 – CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF SPERMACETI
3:20 – USES OF SPERMACETI
3:41 – INTRODUCTION TO GELATIN
4:36 – PREPARATION OF GELATIN
9:36 – CHARACTERISTICS OF GELATIN
11:14 – TYPES OF GELATIN
12:10 – CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF GELATIN
13:35 – CHEMICAL TESTS FOR GELATIN
15:25 – USES OF GELATIN

--------VIDEO CONTENTS--------
SPERMACETI:
Common name: Sperm whale.
Biological origin: Physeter macrocephalus
Family: Physeteridae
Part used: Waxy substance obtained from head cavity of sperm whale
Geographical source: Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian oceans.
Methods of obtaining spermaceti:
Characteristics of spermaceti:
• White, translucent crystalline mass.
• Little or no smell and taste.
• Specific gravity is 0.95 to 0.96.
• Acid value is not more than 1.
• Saponification value is 125 to 136.
• Iodine value is 3 to 5.
• Melting point is 46 to 50 degree celcius.
• Insoluble in water and cold alcohol.
• Soluble in ether, chloroform, and boiling alcohol.
Chemical constituents:
• Cetyl palmitate
• Cetyl laurate
• Cetyl myristate
• Cetyl stearate
• 50 to 63% wax alcohol.
Uses of spermaceti:
• As ointments base.
• As an emollient.
• As stiffening agent in pharmaceutical preparations.
• Used in cosmetics and cold creams.

GELATIN:
Synonyms: Gel foam, Puragel, gelatinum.
Biological source: Protein extracted by partial hydrolysis of animal collagenous tissue like skins, tendons, ligaments, and bones.
Bos Taurus
Ovis aries.
Family: Bovidae
Preparation of gelatin: The process varies from factory to factory. The steps for the preparation of gelatin are given below:
1. Raw material
2. Liming process
3. Removal of fat
4. Extraction
5. Setting
6. Drying
7. Bleaching.
Characteristics of gelatin:
• Colorless, or slightly yellow, transparent or brittle in nature.
• Odorless, tasteless sheet, flakes or coarse granular powder.
• In water, it swells and absorbs 5 to 10 times its weight of water to form gel in solution below 35 to 40 degree celcius.
• Insoluble in cold water and organic solvents.
• Soluble in hot water, glycerol, acetic acid.
• Amphoteric in nature.
• In dry condition it is stable in air.
• In moist or in solution state, attacked by bacteria.
• Gelatinizing property of gelatin is reduced by boiling for long time.
• Quality of gelatin id=s determined on the basis of its jelly strength with the help of bloom gelometer.
• Jelly strength is used in preparation of suppositories and pessaries.

Types of gelatin:
1. Type A
2. Type B
Chemical constituents:
Chemical Tests:
1. Biuret reaction
2. Xanthoproteic reaction
3. Millon’s reaction
4. Ninhydrin Test
Uses of gelatin:

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