Скачать или смотреть Solving the gunicorn Command Not Found Error When Using Crontab

Learn how to configure your cron jobs to successfully run a Django application with Gunicorn by properly setting up the environment variables.
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This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/58537965/ asked by the user 'Simen Russnes' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/2889451/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/63025621/ provided by the user 'mand' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/2525867/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions.

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Starting Your Django Application with Gunicorn at Reboot

If you're looking to automatically start your Django application using Gunicorn when your server reboots, you might encounter a frustrating roadblock: the command not found error. This problem typically arises when using crontab to schedule your script. In this post, we'll break down the issue and provide a clear solution to ensure your application runs smoothly after every reboot.

The Problem: Command Not Found

When you run your run_gunicorn.sh script manually from an SSH terminal, it works perfectly. However, upon rebooting your machine, the log file indicates the following error:

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This error suggests that when Cron runs your script, it does not have access to the gunicorn command. This happens because the environment variables that Cron uses are limited, meaning it may not include the directory where gunicorn is installed.

Environment Variables and Cron

Cron executes your script in a shell that contains minimal environment variables. Typically, it looks something like this:

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As you can see, unless gunicorn is located in /usr/bin or /bin, the command will not be found. This is a common issue when scripts rely on tools installed via package managers like pip.

The Solution: Updating Your Crontab

To resolve the "command not found" error, you will need to modify your crontab to include the correct path for gunicorn. Follow these steps:

Step 1: Identify the Gunicorn Path

First, you need to find out where gunicorn is installed. You can use the following command:

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This command will output the full path to the gunicorn executable. For instance, it might return something like /usr/local/bin/gunicorn.

Step 2: Update Your Crontab and Script

Edit Your Crontab: Open your crontab configuration by running:

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Modify the Reboot Command: You’ll need to set the correct environment variable for gunicorn. Here’s how you can update your crontab entry:

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Change Your Script: Next, update your run_gunicorn.sh script to use the newly defined environment variable:

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Step 3: Test Your Setup

After saving your changes, reboot your server and check the logfile to ensure that there are no errors. If everything is set up correctly, your Django application should launch automatically without any issues.

Conclusion

By properly setting the path for gunicorn in the cron job and using an environment variable, you can effectively resolve the "command not found" error. As a result, your Django application will start seamlessly each time your server reboots. If you continue to face issues, ensure that all paths are correct or consult additional resources on Cron and environment variables. Happy coding!