Explore the fascinating tales of Varuna, the revered deity of water and weather in Indian mythology. Varuna is one of the nine divine gods in the Hindu pantheon and is also known as the guardian deity of the Vaishnav dynasty. Derived from the Sanskrit root "vṛ" meaning "great" or "chief," Varuna is associated with profound significance.
Varuna is regarded as the lord of water and oceans, responsible for thunderstorms, rainfall, floods, and the protection of coastlines. They are often depicted holding a water vessel (kamandalu) and displaying the gesture of fearlessness (abhaya mudra). Varuna is also considered a deity of knowledge, justice, and truth.
According to beliefs, Varuna upholds people's rights and punishes wrongdoers. Their army consists of serpents and crocodiles. During worship, devotees seek their grace, protection, and blessings. Worshipping Varuna is believed to grant liberation from water-related issues, purity, justice, and honesty.
Major rituals dedicated to Varuna include chanting their name, reciting Usha Varta (morning prayers), chanting mantras, and performing arati (ritualistic worship with light). Their special observance is held on Sundays of the bright lunar fortnight. Varuna also holds a significant place in Vedic rituals, where they are honored through sacred mantras, ablutions, and fire offerings (havan).
One prominent legend recounts a grand yajna (sacrificial ritual) performed by Varuna in collaboration with Lord Vishnu. During this yajna, Vishnu entrusted Varuna with the responsibility of preserving all aquatic beings, including fish and water-dwelling creatures.
Another notable tale narrates how Varuna bestowed a vow upon King Harishchandra to test his adherence to truth and justice. Varuna instructed King Harishchandra to observe a strict vow wherein he had to uphold truth and justice. On the final day of the vow, Varuna disguised his divine messengers as a beggar, a poor man, and a king to test the king's integrity.
The beggar and the poor man sought King Harishchandra's assistance in upholding truth and justice. True to his vow, the king helped the messengers. After assisting them, King Harishchandra observed a fasting ritual near the banks of the river Ganga. The disguised messengers revealed themselves, praised the king's genuine praise and devotion, and bestowed blessings upon him. Varuna himself appeared, expressing gratitude for the king's unwavering commitment to truth, justice, and loyalty. Varuna blessed the king, assuring him that he would always uphold his rights, walk the path of truth, and abide by the principles of justice.
Since receiving Varuna's blessing, King Harishchandra became an embodiment of simplicity, truth, and devotion.
Join us on this captivating journey through the mythological tales of Varuna, the deity associated with water, weather, and moral values.
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