Скачать или смотреть How to Solve requests.exceptions.ConnectionError in Python get Requests

Learn how to effectively handle `requests.exceptions.ConnectionError` in Python by adding a User-Agent header to your requests.
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Understanding requests.exceptions.ConnectionError in Python

If you're working with the Python requests library to make HTTP GET requests, you may have encountered the frustrating error:

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This error typically arises when attempting to connect to a server that unexpectedly closes the connection. Understanding why this happens is key to resolving the issue and ensuring that your application can retrieve data effectively.

What Causes Connection Errors?

Server Policy: Some servers deny requests that do not include a User-Agent header, which identifies the client requesting data.

Network Issues: Temporary network disruptions can also result in connection errors.

Incompatible Protocols: The server may require a specific connection protocol that your request is not complying with.

Given these potential causes, the solution often involves ensuring your requests are structured correctly to meet the expectations of the server.

Solution: Adding a User-Agent Header

The most common fix for the ConnectionError you encountered is to include a User-Agent header in your requests. This tells the server that the request is coming from a legitimate client (like a web browser) rather than a script that could potentially be misused.

Step-by-Step Guide

Import the Requests Library: Ensure you have the requests library installed and imported into your Python script.

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Define Your Base URL: Specify the URL you want to access. For example, if you're looking up words in the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (LDOCE), your base URL would look like this:

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Create the get_word Function: Modify your function to include the User-Agent header in the GET request.

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Testing Your Function: Call the function with a test word to see if it now works without throwing an error.

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Complete Example Code

Here's the complete code flow that includes the fix for your initial error:

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Conclusion

By following the steps outlined above and adding a User-Agent header to your requests, you can effectively resolve requests.exceptions.ConnectionError when attempting to make GET requests in Python. This not only ensures that your connections are established but also helps maintain communication with web servers that enforce strict request policies.

Always remember, when interacting with web APIs or servers, it's crucial to provide the necessary headers as part of your requests, similar to how a regular browser would communicate with those servers.