Hierarchy of Control Measures (taglish)

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Hierarchy of hazard control is a system used in industry to minimize or eliminate exposure to hazards. It is a widely accepted system promoted by numerous safety organizations. This concept is taught to managers in industry, to be promoted as standard practice in the workplace. Various illustrations are used to depict this system, most commonly a triangle.
The hazard controls in the hierarchy are, in order of decreasing effectiveness:

1. Elimination - Physically removed the hazard—is the most effective hazard control. For example, if employees must work high above the ground, the hazard can be eliminated by moving the piece they are working on to ground level to eliminate the need to work at heights.

2. Substitution - This pesticide contains DDT, an effective substitution would be to replace it with a green pesticide. Substitution, the second most effective hazard control, involves replacing something that produces a hazard (similar to elimination) with something that does not produce a hazard—for example, replacing lead-based paint with titanium white. To be an effective control, the new product must not produce another hazard. Because airborne dust can be hazardous, if a product can be purchased with a larger particle size, the smaller product may effectively be substituted with the larger product.

3. Engineering controls - The third most effective means of controlling hazards is engineered controls. These do not eliminate hazards, but rather isolate people from hazards. Capital costs of engineered controls tend to be higher than less effective controls in the hierarchy; however they may reduce future costs. For example, a crew might build a work platform rather than purchase, replace, and maintain fall arrest equipment. "Enclosure and isolation" creates a physical barrier between personnel and hazards, such as using remotely controlled equipment. Fume hoods can remove airborne contaminants as a means of engineered control.

4. Administrative controls - Administrative controls are changes to the way people work. Examples of administrative controls include procedure changes, employee training, and installation of signs and warning labels (such as those in the Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System). Administrative controls do not remove hazards, but limit or prevent people's exposure to the hazards, such as completing road construction at night when fewer people are driving.

5. Personal protective equipment - Personal protective equipment (PPE) includes gloves, respirators, hard hats, safety glasses, high-visibility clothing, and safety footwear. PPE is the least effective means of controlling hazards because of the high potential for damage to render PPE ineffective. Additionally, some PPE, such as respirators, increase physiological effort to complete a task and, therefore, may require medical examinations to ensure workers can use the PPE without risking their health.

Source: Wikipedia





OHSAS 18001/18002

1. Elimination – modify a design to eliminate the hazard. For example: introduce mechanical lifting devices to eliminate the manual handling hazard.

2. Substitution – substitute a less hazardous material or reduce the system energy. For example: lower the force, amperage, pressure, temperature, etc

3. Engineering controls – install ventilation systems, machine guarding, interlocks, sound enclosures, etc.

4. Signage, warnings, and/or administrative controls – safety signs, hazardous area marking, photo‑luminescent signs, markings for pedestrian walkways, warning sirens/ lights, alarms, safety procedures, equipment inspections, access controls, safe systems of working, tagging and work permits, etc

5. Personal protective equipment (PPE) – safety glasses, hearing protection, face shields, safety harnesses and lanyards, respirators and gloves



PIGSRISE - Many practitioners use the mnemonic PIGSRISE to remember a hierarchy of control measures:

· Eliminate

· Substitute

· Isolate

· Reduce

· Safe Systems of Work

· Good housekeeping

· Information, instruction, training and supervision (IT IS)

· Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)


ERIC DP

· Eliminate the hazard

· Reduce the hazard

· Isolate people from the hazard

· Control exposure to the hazard

· Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

· Discipline