AWSN/17/Energy Efficient Routing/Transport Layer Protocol/Challenges/Design of transport protocols

CLICK Here
   / @eceeasyengineering2201  

Energy Efficient Routing
Transport Layer Protocol
Challenges and Issues in Transport layer protocol
The design of transport protocols for WSNs for the factors


Energy Efficient Routing
Energy-efficient unicast routing appears to be a simple problem: take the network graph, assign to each link a cost value that reflects the energy consumption across this link, and pick any algorithm that computes least-cost paths in a graph.
Minimize energy per packet
Maximize the Network Life Time
Routing considering available battery energy
• Maximum Total Available Battery Capacity
• Minimum Battery Cost Routing (MBCR)
• Min–Max Battery Cost Routing (MMBCR)
• Conditional Max–Min Battery Capacity Routing
• Minimize variance in power levels


Transport Layer Protocol
Transport protocols are used to:
• Mitigate congestion
• Reduce packet loss
• Provide fairness in bandwidth allocation
• Guarantee end-to-end reliability
Examples of Traditional transport Layer Protocol
• Transport Control Protocol (TCP)
• User Datagram Protocol(UDP)
• Sequenced Packet Exchange Protocol (SPX)
• NWLink (Microsoft’s approach to implementing IPX/SPX)

Challenges and Issues in Transport layer protocol
Designing a new transport layer protocol for WSN should consider the following issues.
Induced traffic
Induced throughput unfairness
Separation of congestion control, reliability, and flow control
Power and bandwidth constraints
Misinterpretation of congestion
Completely decoupled transport layer
Dynamic topology:

The design of transport protocols for WSNs for the factors
Perform congestion control and reliable delivery of data.
 Since most data are from the sensor nodes to the sink, congestion might occur around the sink. WSNs need a mechanism for packet loss recovery, such as ACK and selective ACK used in TCP.
 It may be more effective to use a hop-by-hop approach for congestion control and loss recovery since it may reduce packet loss and therefore conserve energy.
 The hop-by-hop mechanism can also lower the buffer requirement at the intermediate nodes