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Class 8 Maths chapter 5 exercise 5.3 question 5 Square and Square roots
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The square of a number is obtained by multiplying the number by itself. Mathematically, if you have a number "x," then the square of "x" is represented as "x^2" and is equal to "x" multiplied by "x."

For example:

The square of 2 is 2^2 = 2 * 2 = 4.
The square of 5 is 5^2 = 5 * 5 = 25.
The square of -3 is (-3)^2 = -3 * -3 = 9 (negative numbers squared yield positive results).
The square of 0 is 0^2 = 0 * 0 = 0.

The square root of a number is the value that, when multiplied by itself, gives the original number. It is denoted by using a radical symbol (√) or by using the fractional exponent of 1/2.

For example:

The square root of 4 is √4 or 4^(1/2), which is equal to 2 because 2 * 2 = 4.
The square root of 25 is √25 or 25^(1/2), which is equal to 5 because 5 * 5 = 25.
The square root of 9 is √9 or 9^(1/2), which is equal to 3 because 3 * 3 = 9.

It's important to note that the square root of a positive number can have both a positive and a negative value. However, in most contexts, the principal (or positive) square root is considered unless otherwise specified.

For example:

The principal square root of 16 is √16 or 16^(1/2), which is equal to 4.
The negative square root of 16 is -√16 or -16^(1/2), which is equal to -4.