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fixing broken link tracking due to hsts on subdomains: a comprehensive tutorial

http strict transport security (hsts) is a security mechanism that forces browsers to only communicate with a website over https. while crucial for security, it can inadvertently break link tracking if not implemented carefully, especially when dealing with subdomains. this tutorial details the problem, its causes, and provides comprehensive solutions with code examples.

*understanding the problem:*

link tracking, often implemented using parameters in urls (e.g., utm parameters for google analytics), relies on redirecting users to a tracking server before reaching the final destination. when a subdomain has hsts enabled, the browser will always use https, even if the tracking server redirects to an http url. this results in the browser refusing the insecure connection, breaking the tracking process.

*scenario:*

let's say you have a website `www.example.com` and a subdomain for tracking `track.example.com`. you use `track.example.com` to add utm parameters before redirecting to the intended page on `www.example.com`.

1. *user clicks a link:* `https://www.example.com/page?utm_sour...`
2. *redirect (intended):* the link redirects to `https://track.example.com/redirect?ut...`
3. *tracking:* `track.example.com` records the utm parameters and redirects to `https://www.example.com/page`
4. *hsts problem:* if `track.example.com` has hsts enabled, and a redirect is attempted to `http://www.example.com/page` (even momentarily), the browser will block the connection, resulting in a broken link.


*causes:*

*inconsistent https:* the primary cause is a mismatch between the protocol (https vs. http) used in the initial request and the redirect destination.
*hsts on subdomain:* hsts is enabled on the tracking subdomain (`track.example.com`), forcing all connections to be https.
*incorrect redirect target:* the redire ...

#FixBrokenLinks #HSTS #windows
fix broken links HSTS subdomain tracking issue HTTPS redirection website maintenance SEO optimization link integrity error resolution web security protocol subdomain configuration link monitoring tools site performance improvement browser security settings