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Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy stored in glucose (a type of sugar). This process is essential for life on Earth, as it produces oxygen and forms the basis of most food chains.
The Basic Equation
The overall chemical reaction for photosynthesis is:
6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
(Carbon dioxide + water + light → glucose + oxygen)
Where and How It Happens
Photosynthesis primarily occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells, which contain the green pigment chlorophyll that captures sunlight.
It takes place in leaves, where carbon dioxide enters through tiny pores called stomata, and water is absorbed from the roots.
Key Stages
Light-dependent reactions: Light energy splits water molecules, releasing oxygen and producing energy carriers (ATP and NADPH).
Light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle): These energy carriers are used to fix carbon dioxide into glucose.
Here are some clear diagrams illustrating the overall process:
In summary, photosynthesis sustains plant growth and provides the oxygen we breathe while removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. By Rahmat Ullah, OCT 16,633 Parkview Crescent Cambridge ON N3H5H4 Canada 🇨🇦 ♥️