Understanding Cellular, Molecular Mechanisms of Cytoplasmic Incompatibility-Rupinder Kaur-10/19/2022

Understanding the Cellular and Molecular Mechanism of Wolbachia-mediated Cytoplasmic Incompatibility - October 19, 2022

Table of contents below
Dr. Rupinder Kaur from Pennsylvania State University presents her recent research on the mechanisms of cytoplasmic incompatibility. She describes the cytological defects during spermatogenesis and the roles of Cytoplasmic Incompatibility factors (Cif) A and B.

00:00 Speaker Introduction (David O’Brochta, Ph.D.)
00:58 Introductory Remarks
01:33 Wolbachia: The great bacterial pandemic
03:35 Wolbachia: the manipulators of insect reproduction
04:08 Cytoplasmic incompatibility: Wobachia’s greatest weapon
07:46 Wolbachia and CI are the forefront of mosquito vector control programs
10:37 World Mosquito Program
11:21 What is the mechanism of CI?
11:44 Multiomics predict two genes strictly associated with CI causing strains
12:54 Evaluating the wMel cif candidate genes for CI
16:04 Dual transgenic express of wMel cifA and CifB recapitulate CI
16:24 cifA alone rescues CI (Two by One genetic model)
16:55 Cytological basis of CI
17:08 How do Cif protein impact paternal sperm chromatin before fertilization to eventual kill embryos
17:25 Cifs invade developing sperm nuclei during sperm morphogenesis
21:23 NLS is crucial for nuclear localization of Cif A and impact CI and Rescue
22:33 Sperm genome integrity is the battle ground for Cifs
24:55 Cifs induce abnormal histone retention
25:51 Cifs induce protamine deficiency
27:06 Protamine deficient sperms enhance CI levels
28:04 Are Cifs proteins biochemically functional?
28:22 Cifs cleave in vitro DNA/RNA substrates
29:33 Sperm genome integrity is the battle ground for CIfs
29:55 DNA damage preparing process during sperm morphogenesis
30:29Cifs cleave and promote in situ sperm DNA damage
31:52 Host Modification model of CI
32:32 Mechanism of Rescue of CI
33:08 CifA localization in Drosophiia ovary
33:43 CifA invades ovarian germ cell nuclei and cytoplasm ans is absent in late stegg chambers
34:55 Host modification model of CI and Rescue
36:10 Cifs relevance to gene drive and vector control application
38:02 Acknoledgements
38:24 Questions and Answers