Скачать или смотреть UPSC GS 3 Economics PYQ(2013-25) | Micro-themes L2 | Development

Title: UPSC GS 3 ECONOMY: Top PYQ Analysis (2013-2025) | Digital India, Gold Scheme, & Export Strategy
Description: This lecture provides a comprehensive analysis of crucial UPSC GS 3 Economics Previous Year Questions (PYQs), focusing on three high-yield micro-themes essential for mains preparation. Prepare complex topics for 2025 and beyond.
Lecture Highlights (Based on UPSC PYQs):
💡 Digitalization in the Indian Economy (2023 PYQ)
• The current status of India's digital economy, which contributes around 9% to GDP and is projected to reach 20% by 2026.
• Successes in Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) like Aadhaar and UPI, which handles over 12 billion transactions per month.
• Structural challenges including the digital divide (e.g., only approximately 33% of rural women use the internet) and the need for robust cybersecurity/data protection frameworks.
• Key suggestions for improvement: Fast-tracking BharatNet, strengthening data governance, and bridging the digital literacy gap.
📈 Labour-Intensive Exports Strategy (2017 PYQ)
• Examination of the manufacturing sector's deviation from India's comparative advantage in labour abundance toward capital-intensive exports.
• Reasons for failure, including structural challenges like low labour productivity and skill mismatch in key manufacturing industries.
• Policy and regulatory issues such as complex labour laws and inadequate export incentives compared to competitors.
• Suggested measures: Implementation of Production Linked Incentive (PLI) schemes focused on labour-intensive sectors and streamlining labour codes.
💰 Merits of the Gold Monetization Scheme (2015 PYQ)
• Why the scheme was introduced, addressing India’s high gold imports ($45 billion in 2023) and the resulting pressure on the balance of payments (BoP).
• Economic benefits: Mobilizing domestic gold holdings and allowing depositors to earn interest on idle gold.
• Impact on the Current Account: How reduced gold imports contribute to narrowing the current account deficit and strengthening external sector stability.
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