The concentration of planet-heating pollutants clogging the atmosphere hit record levels in 2023, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) said on Monday (October 28).
Despite climate change warnings issued by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) since 1990, global emissions have continued to rise in the last decade, reaching their highest point in history.
The result: global emissions are on track to blow past the 1.5 degrees C warming limit envisioned in the 2015 Paris Agreement.
The summer of 2023 was the hottest on record, according to data from the European Union Climate Change Service released in September 2023.
The three-month period from June through August surpassed previous records by a large margin, with an average temperature of 16.8 degrees Celsius (62.2F), 0.66C above average.
The target of keeping long-term global warming within 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 Fahrenheit) is moving out of reach, climate experts say, with nations failing to set more ambitious goals despite months of record-breaking heat on land and sea.
As envoys gathered in Bonn in early June to prepare for this year's annual climate talks in November in Dubai, average global surface air temperatures were more than 1.5C above pre-industrial levels for several days, the EU-funded Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) said.
August was the hottest month on record globally, the third straight month in a row to set such a record following the hottest ever June and July, the EU said.
Well-above average temperatures also occurred over Australia, several South American countries and around much of Antarctica in August, the institute said.
Meanwhile, the global ocean saw the warmest daily surface temperature on record, and had its warmest month overall.
Though mean temperatures had temporarily breached the 1.5C threshold before, this was the first time they had done so in the northern hemisphere summer that starts on June 1. Sea temperatures also broke April and May records.
By the end of the century, without aggressive climate action, global warming is estimated to reach 2.8C.
But even at the current level of warming we could pass several climate tipping points.
The ocean current that moves heat from the tropics into the northern hemisphere, for example, is now at its slowest in 1,000 years - jeopardizing historic weather patterns, says the latest multi-scientific report, which includes contributions from the U.N. Environment Programme and U.N. Office for Disaster Risk Reduction.
Nearly half the world's population is considered highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change -- floods, heat, drought, wildfires, and storms.
By the 2050s, over 1.6 billion city-dwellers will regularly swelter through three-month average temperatures of at least 35C (95F).
The Arctic is warming four times faster than the rest of the planet. That's according to an analysis published in Nature Communications Earth & Environment in August 2022. Separate modelling by experts shows that as soon as 2035, Arctic sea ice might drop below 400,000 square miles during the summer.
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