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Saudi Arabia is one of the wealthiest and most powerful countries in the Middle East today, but its rise is rooted in a dramatic and complex history of tribal alliances, religious ideology, and global oil politics. This documentary traces the story of how a single ruling dynasty—the Al Saud family—used religious teachings and tribal authority to unify the Arabian Peninsula, challenge the Ottoman Empire, and build a nation that would become a key player in global energy and geopolitics. We start with the geography and tribal dynamics of the Arabian Peninsula, featuring early maps and key trade routes. From the rise of Islamic reformer Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab and his alliance with Muhammad ibn Saud in the 18th century, to the military confrontations with Ottoman forces, we follow the growing political ambitions of the Al Saud dynasty. The 20th century brings oil to the forefront: Abd al-Aziz ibn Saud consolidates his rule and strikes oil deals with the West, transforming Saudi Arabia’s economy. Archival footage reveals the oil boom, the 1979 seizure of the Grand Mosque in Mecca, the regime's brutal reaction, and the long-term impact of these events on regional politics. This is the story of power, faith, and oil—how the House of Saud shaped not just a country, but an entire region.
Full Documentary Credits:
Written & Directed By: Oliver Halmburger, Heike Schmidt, Thomas Staehler, Camera, Tobias Corts, Jürgen Heck
Sound: Florian Epple, Yannick Schmeil, Dominic Titus
Editors: Uli Weinlein, Warrick McLeod
Graphics: Richard Sako
Colour Correction: Jan Mayer
Music: Tobias Bösel and Siegfried RolleLer
Narrator: Sascha Rotermund
Sound Mixer: Karsten Gehrke
Consultant: Daniel Gerlach
Produc;on Managers: Kerstin Peterssen (SPIEGEL TV), Kerstin Schönborn (ZDF), Katharina Krohmann (ZDF/ARTE)
Producer: Kay Siering
Assistant Editors: Corinna Sadlo (SPIEGEL TV), Birgit Eggerding (ZDF)
Editorial staff:
Georg Graffe (ZDF), Peter Allenbacher (ZDF/ARTE)
Archive Footage: AP Images, BBC Motion Gallery/GeLy Images, Bumiller Collection - Universitätsmuseum für Islamische Kunst, Bamberg, Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), UMR 8167 Orient & Méditerranée, Paris, Critical Past, Footage Farm, Framepool RS GmbH, GeLy Images, Global Image Works, imago images, Musée des Beaux-Arts et d’Archéologie de Besançon, Pond5, Screenocean/Reuters, ShuLerstock, skycam.pics, SOhung Faleh & Abdulaziz Al Dhahri/OutreMer Film GmbH, Vista Media & Design GmbH, wpa film library
Produced By: SPIEGEL TV on behalf of ZDF, in collaboraOon with ARTE and ZDF Enterprises
© ZDF 2020
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