How Francis Turbines Work (Hydropower)

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Learn how Francis reaction turbines work! We look at all of the Francis turbine’s main components and use 3D animation to show how it works!

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▶️Francis turbines are mixed flow reaction turbines. They are used in many hydroelectric plants because they can be used over a wide range of pressures and flow rates.

Pumped storage power stations use Francis turbines because the runner can act as both a hydraulic pump and hydraulic turbine.

How it Works
Water flows into the scroll case from the penstock. Water then flows through the wicket gate to the turbine runner. The water enters the runner radially and is discharged axially, because of this, Francis turbines are classified as mixed flow turbines.

After discharge from the runner, the water enters the draft tube then the tail race.


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