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Secrets of the Ratchets - Devi Prasad, Manipal University

In this talk, we will explore the Signal messaging system's implementation of the PQXDH (Post-Quantum Extended Diffie-Hellman) Key Agreement Protocol, which establishes a shared secret key between two parties. PQXDH facilitates mutual authentication while preserving cryptographic deniability. We will discuss how PQXDH ensures both privacy and forward secrecy, all while maintaining a protocol design that is straightforward and intuitive. Additionally, we will examine how Signal leverages NIST-approved Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) algorithms and Key Encapsulation Mechanisms (KEMs) in the implementation of PQXDH.

Next, we will dive into the details of Signal’s well-known Double Ratchet Algorithm, providing an in-depth analysis of its workings. Through this exploration, we aim to gain a deeper technical understanding of its structure and functionality, highlighting the innovative aspects that make the Double Ratchet crucial for end-to-end encryption in Signal. By studying the Double Ratchet's Rust code, we will uncover how it facilitates continuous key updating, providing both forward secrecy and backward secrecy.