Скачать или смотреть Flatten Rust Struct with an Extra id Property in TypeScript using wasm-bindgen

Learn how to use `serde-wasm-bindgen` to merge Rust structs and pass them to TypeScript effectively, retaining all necessary properties, including an `id`.
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Flattening Rust Structs for TypeScript Integration with wasm-bindgen

Integrating Rust with TypeScript is a growing trend in modern web development, especially with the powerful wasm-bindgen library that facilitates smooth communication between the two languages. However, challenges arise when you need to handle struct conversions, particularly when extending existing interfaces. If you're facing an issue where you need to flatten a Rust struct with an additional id property into a TypeScript compatible object, you're in the right place! In this post, we’ll guide you step-by-step on how to achieve this seamlessly.

The Problem Explained

When working with TypeScript, you might define interfaces to structure your data clearly. For instance, consider the following interfaces:

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Here, InvoiceWithId extends InvoiceSchema by adding an id property. However, in Rust, you cannot inherit from another struct in the same manner. Instead, you need to represent the same intention using a composition approach, which can make data handling tricky, especially when you need to send this data back to TypeScript in a specific format.

In Rust, you might define your struct like this:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

This struct InvoiceWithId contains an id field along with another struct InvoiceSchema. The challenge lies in converting this structure into a single JavaScript object that TypeScript can understand, specifically as follows:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

The Solution: Using serde-wasm-bindgen

To effectively bridge this gap, you can utilize the serde-wasm-bindgen crate. This library not only allows you to serialize Rust structs into JavaScript values, but it can also flatten nested data structures, which is exactly what you need in this case.

Step-by-Step Implementation

Add Dependencies: Ensure that you include the serde-wasm-bindgen crate in your Cargo.toml file. Make sure serde is also included, as it provides the necessary serialization capabilities.

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Define Your Rust Structs: Use serde to define your structs for serialization. You need to ensure that fields are correctly named for TypeScript compatibility.

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The # [serde(rename_all = "camelCase")] attribute automatically converts fields to camelCase, aligning with JavaScript convention.

The # [serde(flatten)] attribute is crucial as it flattens the InvoiceSchema into the parent struct, enabling a seamless merge.

Create a WASM Function: Write a function to generate your InvoiceWithId instance and serialize it to JsValue so it can be returned to TypeScript.

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

In this function, we instantiate InvoiceWithId, populate it with data, and serialize it with serde_wasm_bindgen::to_value().

Conclusion

By implementing these steps, you can effectively flatten a Rust struct with an extra id property into a single JavaScript object compatible with your TypeScript code. This approach maximizes the capabilities of both Rust and JavaScript through the versatility of wasm-bindgen and serde, paving the way for cleaner and more maintainable code in your projects.

Feel free to explore more about serde, and wasm-bindgen as they are fundamental tools in creating performant web applications with mixed-language environments. Happy coding!