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Towns and cities are large areas and are thickly populated. People residing in cities pay taxes and in return they demand good civic amenities like drinking water, sanitation, regular supply of electricity, transport and communication facilities, healthcare, etc. In cities these are the responsibilities of local government to provide these facilities to citizens Types of Urban Local Government

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Urban Local Government

Nagar Panchayat

Municipalities

or Municipal council

Municipal Corporations

The Urban local government in our country comprises Nagar Panchayat, Municipality and Municipal Corporation Though it varies from state to state, generally Municipal Corporations govern cities with a population of more than 10 lakhs, Municipal Councils take care of cities with less than 10 lakhs but more than 20,000 people and Nagar Panchayat takes care of urban places with less than 20,000 people

Civics-6

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Composition of Municipal corporations

Responsibilities of municipal

corporations Sources of income

NAGARPANCHAYAT

Nagar Panchayat is a setup for an area which is in the process of changing from rural to urban This is called a transactional area People insuch places are in the process ofmoving away from agriculture toservice and industry based

occupation COMPOSITION
A Nagar Panchayat is elected for a term of five years The members of the Nagar Panchayat a elected by the voters of the region. The memberhe to be above the age of 21 years (The population of the concerned town or city determines the number of members in the Nagar Panchayat

FUNCTIONS

5 It provides civic amenities like drinking water, electricity, etc

It opens schools, parks and dispensanes It also constructs and maintains roads

It keeps records of births and deaths SOURCES OF INCOME

The Nagar Panchayat derives its income fr

MUNICIPAL COUNCIL (Nagar Palika) or Municipality Municipal Councils, also known as Municipal Committee or uncipality is a local self governing body in smaller towns and cities) Municipal Council the local organization

towns and estic that provide services for the

people

OFFICE BEARERS OF A MUNICIPALITY The members of the municipality elect a

chairperson who presides over the meetings tha

are held in the absence of the chairperson MUNICIPAL CORPORATION

Municipal Corporation is the local self government in large cities The bigger city also gets divided into number of wards, with one member elected from each ward called the Councillor. The number of seats of the Municipal corporation depends upon the size of the population. All adult citizens above the age of 21 can contest the elections

Nagar Palika (Municipality COMPOSITION

All citizens of India who are 18 years of age and above can vote in municipal election. The candidate who wishes to contest the elections must be 21 years of age and above The number of members in the committees are 15 to 16 depending upon the population of the area. Some seats are reserved for the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes and one third of the total number of seats are reserved for women.
(For the purpose of clections of Municipal Council the city is divided into a number of wards. One member is elected from each ward 5.5

The members of municipality are elected for the term of five years Municipality can be dissolved earlier if it does not function according to the rules laid down. In such a case, new members have to be elected within 6 months so that the term can be completed.
All those members who are elected directly by the residents of the city are the elected representative of the people. They are called Councillors. Some members are nominated for having special knowledge or experience of municipal administration. They are known as Aldermen. It is headed by the Municipal Commissioner who is appointed by the state government.

COMPOSITION
The elected members of the Municipal corporation elect a Mayor and a Deputy Mayor for a one year term. The Mayor is the most important person of the city is some time referred to as the first citizen. The Mayor presides over the meetings of the corporation and looks after its work. The members also elect some experienced and respectable people of the city to the corporation. They are known as Aldermen. The MLAs and MPs of that area also form a part of the corporation Some seats are reserved for members belonging to the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes. One third of the total seats are reserved for women

PERMANENT OFFICIALS OF THE CORPORATION (The Municipal Corporation has a chief executive

er known as Municipal Commision The
EDUCATION

(Schools are opened to educate children especially at the primary and secondary level) Night schools and adult education centres are also set up by these organizations for the spread of education. Free education up to class XII and special incentives are also provided to children in these schools) The local bodies also open reading rooms, public libraries and museum, etc.