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federation request signing: vulnerability to proxy interception

federation, in the context of identity and access management (iam), allows users to access resources from different identity providers (idps) without needing separate accounts for each. this is often achieved through protocols like saml and openid connect (oidc), where requests between the relying party (rp) – the service providing the resource – and the idp are exchanged. a crucial element of security in this exchange is signing requests to prevent tampering. however, this signing mechanism can be vulnerable if not implemented correctly, particularly in the presence of proxies.

this tutorial details how a seemingly secure federation request signing mechanism can be easily broken by a malicious or compromised proxy. we will focus on the common scenario where the rp relies on the signature of the idp to verify the authenticity and integrity of the authentication request. a malicious proxy can intercept and modify the request before it reaches the idp and after the idp's response, making the entire process insecure.

*scenario:*

we assume a simplified scenario where a service provider (rp) relies on saml requests signed by an identity provider (idp). the communication happens through a proxy.

*vulnerability:*

the vulnerability stems from the fact that the proxy sits between the rp and the idp. it can:

1. *intercept the signed request:* the proxy intercepts the saml request sent by the rp to the idp.
2. *modify the request:* the proxy can alter the content of the saml request (e.g., changing the requested attributes, the user id, or the destination).
3. *re-sign the modified request:* if the proxy has access to the idp's private key (a catastrophic failure), it can re-sign the modified request. even without the private key, many proxies allow transparent proxying, forwarding the request without modification of the signature. however, this lack of modification itself is a problem. ...

#FederationRequest #ProxySecurity #python
federation request signing
security vulnerabilities
proxies exploitation
authentication weaknesses
digital signatures
data integrity
man-in-the-middle attacks
proxy manipulation
cryptographic flaws
security breaches
federation protocols
identity federation
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data protection