Скачать или смотреть CLASS 8 | SCIENCE| CHAPTER -10 | LIGHT , MIRRORS AND LENSES PART -3 | NCERT CURIOSITY | KV | CBSE

DESCRIPTION (PART–3) — Topic 10.3: Laws of Reflection
NCERT Curiosity | Class 8 Science | Chapter 10 – Light: Mirrors & Lenses

In this part, students explore the laws of reflection and understand how light behaves when it hits different types of mirrors. Through activities, diagrams, and simple observations, this section makes the concept of reflection easy and practical.

🔵 Activities Covered
Activity 10.4 — Observing Incident & Reflected Rays Using a Slit

Students use a narrow slit (made using a comb + paper) to create a thin beam of light.
They observe how the beam reflects when the angle of the mirror changes.
This activity helps identify:

Incident ray

Reflected ray

Normal

Angle of incidence (i)

Angle of reflection (r)

Activity 10.5 — Reflection Lies in the Same Plane

A mirror is placed flat, and a ray is directed at it.
When a sheet behind the mirror is bent, the reflected ray disappears.
This proves:
✔️ The incident ray
✔️ The reflected ray
✔️ The normal
All lie in the same plane.

Activity 10.6 — Reflection of Multiple Parallel Rays

Students observe how parallel beams behave on different mirrors:

Plane Mirror

Reflected rays remain parallel

Concave Mirror

Reflected rays converge

Convex Mirror

Reflected rays diverge

This shows how curved mirrors bend light differently.

🔵 Key Definitions

Incident Ray — The ray of light that falls on a surface

Reflected Ray — The ray that bounces off the surface

Normal — A line drawn at 90° to the mirror’s surface

Angle of Incidence (i) — Angle between incident ray and normal

Angle of Reflection (r) — Angle between reflected ray and normal

🔵 Laws of Reflection
1️⃣ First Law — Angle of Incidence = Angle of Reflection

i = r

2️⃣ Second Law — All Rays Lie in the Same Plane

The incident ray, normal, and reflected ray are always in one plane.

These laws apply to all types of mirrors.

🔵 Figures (Illustrations Included in NCERT)

Fig 10.8 – Beam of light on a mirror

Fig 10.9 – Rays, normal, and angles

Fig 10.10 – Plane bending experiment

Fig 10.11 – Parallel beams on different mirrors

🔵 A Step Further

Each light ray follows the laws of reflection.
But in curved mirrors, although each ray reflects individually,
the overall effect is:

Concave mirror → converges beams

Convex mirror → diverges beams

This explains how curved mirrors are used in headlights, telescopes, and road safety mirrors.

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