The largest impact crater on the planet to form in the last 1 billion years is located on the Yucatan Peninsula. Known as the Chicxulub Crater, it measures 180 kilometers or 110 miles wide. Yet, it is not the only impact crater to have formed during this mass extinction event 66 million years ago as off the western coast of Africa is another large (albeit smaller compared to the Chicxulub Crater) several kilometer wide impact crater. This video will discuss this massive impact crater which added to the extinction (but was not the main cause) of the non-avian dinosaurs and how it formed.
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Sources/Citations:
[1] Uisdean Nicholson, Veronica J. Bray, Sean P. S. Gulick, and Benedict Aduomahor; "The Nadir Crater offshore West Africa: A candidate Cretaceous-Paleogene impact structure", Science Advances, Volume 8, Issue 33, 2022, Doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abn3096, https://www.science.org/doi/abs/10.11..., CC BY 4.0
[2] Manning, P., DePalma, R., Maurrasse, F., Burnham, D., Gurche, L., Klingler, J., Larson, P., Beasley, T., Oleinik, A., Geraki, T., Ignatyev, K., Egerton, V., and Wogelius, R.: The identity of the Chicxulub impactor: KPg ejecta-encapsulated meteoric fragments, EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria, 23–27 May 2022, EGU22-9638, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu..., 2022., CC BY 4.0
[3] U.S. Geological Survey
[4] G. Collins & others, "A numerical assessment of simple airblast models of impact...", Meteoritics & Planetary Science, https://doi.org/10.1111/maps.12873 (2017), CC BY 4.0
Estimates on asteroid diameter, velocity, tnt energy equivalent, and effects from the two impacts described in this video were sourced using data from https://impact.ese.ic.ac.uk/ImpactEar..., which was used with permission.
0:00 Ancient Earth
0:26 Chicxulub Crater
1:07 Nadir Crater
2:15 The Asteroid Impact Occurs
3:57 Conclusion
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