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Lake Tahoe (/ˈtɑːhoʊ/; Washo: dáʔaw) is a freshwater lake located in the Sierra Nevada region of the Western United States, straddling the border between California and Nevada. At an elevation of 6,225 ft (1,897 m) above Lake Tahoe (/ˈtɑːhoʊ/; Washo: dáʔaw) is a freshwater lake located in the Sierra Nevada region of the Western United States, straddling the border between California and Nevada. At an elevation of 6,225 ft (1,897 m) above sea level, Lake Tahoe is the largest alpine lake in North America and, with a volume of 122,160,280 acre-ft (150.7 km³), it ranks second in volume in the United States, behind only the five Great Lakes. Its maximum depth is 1,645 ft (501 m), making it the second deepest lake in the United States, following Crater Lake in Oregon, which has a depth of 1,949 ft (594 m).

The lake was formed approximately two million years ago as part of the Lake Tahoe Basin, with its current size shaped during the Ice Ages. It is renowned for its crystal-clear waters and the stunning panoramic views of the surrounding mountains. The region around the lake is also referred to as Lake Tahoe or simply Tahoe. The English name is derived from the Washo name, Dáʔaw, which means "the lake." Notably, more than 75% of the watershed area surrounding the lake is protected national forest land, managed by the Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit of the United States Forest Service.

Lake Tahoe is a major tourist destination in both Nevada and California, offering a range of winter sports, summer outdoor activities, and stunning scenery year-round. Ski resorts play a significant role in the area's economy and reputation. The Nevada side of the lake features several lakeside casino resorts, with highways providing year-round access across the region.

Toponym
The name "Lake Tahoe" originates from the Washo word "dáʔaw," which means "the lake." While "dáʔaw" is used for other lakes with modifiers (for instance, "áʔwaku dáʔaw" for Pyramid Lake, meaning "trout lake"), it is often used on its own to refer specifically to Lake Tahoe, likely due to Tahoe's cultural significance to the Washoe people.

Geography
Lake Tahoe is the second deepest lake in the United States, with a maximum depth of 1,645 feet (501 m), making it shallower only than Oregon's Crater Lake at 1,949 feet (594 m). It is the 17th deepest lake in the world and the sixth deepest by average depth. The lake measures about 22 miles (35 km) long and 12 miles (19 km) wide, with a total shoreline of 72 miles (116 km) and a surface area of 191 square miles (490 km²). The size of the lake is such that its surface is visibly convex due to the Earth's curvature; at its widest points, the opposing shorelines dip below the horizon by nearly 100 feet (30 m) and approximately 320 feet (98 m) along its length. Visibility can vary somewhat due to atmospheric refraction, leading to phenomena like looming, where the lake's surface or opposing shoreline appears elevated. Fata Morgana may also explain reported sightings of "Tahoe Tessie."

Approximately two-thirds of the lake's shoreline is in California. The south shore is dominated by South Lake Tahoe, California, which borders the town of Stateline, Nevada. Tahoe City, California, is situated on the lake's northwest shore, while Kings Beach, California, and Incline Village, Nevada, anchor the north coast. Although highways run along much of the lake's perimeter, significant portions of the shoreline are protected by state parks or are overseen by the United States Forest Service. The Lake Tahoe Watershed, encompassing an area of 505 square miles (1,310 km²), drains into the lake, and the Lake Tahoe drainage divide generally follows the route of the Tahoe Rim Trail.

Lake Tahoe receives water from sixty-three tributaries, which drain an area roughly equal to the lake itself, contributing half of its water supply; the remaining half is sourced from direct precipitation.

The Truckee River is the lake's only outlet, flowing northeast through Reno, Nevada, and into Pyramid Lake, which has no outlet. The river accounts for one-third of the water that exits the lake, with the balance being lost to evaporation from its surface. Evaporation is estimated to account for 40-60% of water usage. The Lake Tahoe Dam regulates the flow of the Truckee River and maintains the lake's height at the outlet. The natural rim stands at 6,223 ft (1,897 m) above sea level, while the maximum legal water level is capped at 6,229.1 ft (1,898.6 m), with a spillway at the dam controlling overflow. Notably, in early 1997, a Pineapple Express atmospheric river event caused snow to melt, leading to lake overflow and flooding in Reno and surrounding areas.
Natural History and Geology
The Lake Tahoe Basin was created through vertical motion (normal) faulting.