Introduction Support And Movement | Support In Plants | Class 12 Biology

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In This Video Lecture You Will Learn Basic Concept Of Introduction Of Support Of Movement

Animals and plants show a variety of physical and biochemical activities. The main diference
stem must be able to resist bending. The vascular bundles containing the xylem are tough and
The collenchyma cell in cortex and highly ligniied schlerencyma cells in xylem tissues,give support
In the stem of some plants, for example, sunlower, the vascular bundles are strengthened by
as a ring within the stem provides very efective resistance to wind stress, and weight bearing
The turgor pressure is extremely important to maintain the turgidity in plants.
a) Parenchyma cells:
You are familiar with the parts of plant like stem, root, leaves etc. One of the most important
pressure, keeps them rigid and resistant to bending. If they loose turgidity, herbaceous stem wilts.
cartilage and bones provide support. They enable them to move towards food, away from danger
the plant. In the stem, the function of support is shared among several types of cells (Fig 16.1).
inextensible to perform the same function as steel rods in reinforced concrete. This arrangement
SUPPORT IN PLANTS
Both plants and animals need support against gravity. The collenchymatous cells in plants give
functions of the stem is to give support and acts as a supply line between root and aerial parts of
The tissues which provide support to the plant are parencyhma. parenchyma cells of epidermis,
between plants and animals is in their locomotion; animals show movement while plants do not.
additional sclerenchyma ibers, which form bundle cap.
and for shelter.
cortex and pith take in water by osmosis. Thus an internal hydrostatic pressure called turgor
ability.
support to the baby plants and sclerenchymatous cells to the adult plants. In animals muscles,
The loss of water due to ex-osmosis from plant cells causes plant or its parts to wilt. How plant cell
to the plants. In most terrestrial plants, the major mechanical stress is imposed by wind, so that
maintains turgor pressure is an important phenomenon.
Turgor pressure is generated by high osmotic pressure of the cell vacuole. The membrane that
(ii) Sclereides:These are shorter than ibers and are found in seed coats and nut shells and
They have thick secondary cell walls usually impregnated with lignin, an organic substance that
or as bundle caps.
(iii) Vessels (Tracheae):Long tubular structures, join end to end to form long water conducting
function is to provide support to the plant parts.
There are three types of sclerenchymatous cells.
(c) Collenchyma Cells
to the plants are:
of collenchyma just below their surface. Collenchyma cells are elastic, elongate with the growth of
in their primary walls. They are usually grouped in strands or cylinders. Collenchyma cells provide
extracellular luid. Because of the higher ionic concentration, water enters the vacuole and hence
ions into the vacuole or vacuolar compartments despite the higher concentration than that of the
(i) Fibers (Tracheids):These are long and cylindrical and they may exist as solid bundles in xylem
makes the walls tough and hard. Most of the sclerenchyma cells are non-living. Their primary
pipe in xylem.
provide protection.
Collenchyma cells have protoplasts and usually lack secondary walls. They have angular thickening
bounds vacuole, is called tonoplast which contains a number of active transport systems that pump
provides turgidity, mechanical support, to soft tissues of plant. The tissues which provide support
(b) Sclerenchyma Cells
support to young herbaceous parts of the plant. Young stems, for instance, often have a cylinder
stems and leaves.

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