Скачать или смотреть Difference between HIV and AIDS | hiv kaise hota hai | Hiv kaise failta hai | Aids kaise hota hai.

Hiv Full Form is Human Immunodeficiency Virus and AIDS Full Form is Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. Hiv and Aids are related but distinct terms that refer to different stages of the same viral infection:

1. HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus):
HIV is the virus that causes AIDS.
It attacks the immune system, specifically the CD4 cells (T cells), which are crucial for the body's defense against infections.
HIV can lead to a weakened immune system, making the body susceptible to various infections and diseases.
HIV infection is a long-term condition, and people with HIV can live for many years with proper medical care and antiretroviral therapy (ART).

2. AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome):
AIDS is the advanced stage of HIV infection.
It occurs when the immune system is severely damaged, and the CD4 cell count drops below a certain level (usually below 200 cells/mm³ of blood).
At this stage, the person becomes vulnerable to opportunistic infections and certain cancers, which can be life-threatening.
AIDS can be diagnosed based on specific clinical criteria, such as the presence of AIDS-defining illnesses or a low CD4 count.

HIV is primarily spread through contact with certain body fluids of an infected person, including:

1. Unprotected Sexual Contact: HIV can be transmitted through vaginal, anal, or oral sex with an infected person, especially if there are open sores or mucous membrane inflammation.

2. Sharing Needles: Sharing needles and syringes for drug injection or other purposes can transmit HIV if the equipment is contaminated with infected blood.

3. Mother-to-Child Transmission: HIV can be passed from an infected mother to her child during childbirth or through breastfeeding, but this risk can be significantly reduced with appropriate medical care and antiretroviral medications.

4. Blood Transfusions and Organ Transplants: Although rare today, there have been cases of HIV transmission through blood transfusions and organ transplants from infected donors.

5. Occupational Exposure: Healthcare workers and others who come into contact with infected blood or body fluids may be at risk if proper infection control precautions are not followed.

6. Contaminated Medical Equipment: Reusing or improperly sterilizing medical equipment can potentially transmit HIV.

It's important to note that HIV is not transmitted through casual contact such as hugging, kissing, shaking hands, sharing utensils, or through respiratory droplets like the common cold or flu.

Preventing HIV transmission involves practicing safe sex, using sterile needles and syringes, receiving regular medical care if you are living with HIV, and taking pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) if you are at high risk of HIV infection. Early detection and treatment of HIV with antiretroviral therapy can help prevent the progression of AIDS and improve the long-term health of individuals living with HIV.

HIV can be transmitted through heterosexual and homosexual (often referred to as MSM, which stands for Men who have Sex with Men) sexual activities if certain precautions are not taken. The risk of transmission can vary depending on various factors, including the specific sexual practices involved and whether preventive measures are used. Here's how HIV can be spread through both heterosexual and homosexual sexual activities:

1. Heterosexual Transmission:
HIV can be transmitted through vaginal, anal, or oral sex between a man and a woman.
Unprotected vaginal or anal intercourse with an HIV-positive partner who has detectable viral load (the amount of HIV in their blood) poses a risk of transmission.
Using condoms consistently and correctly during sexual intercourse greatly reduces the risk of HIV transmission.
Other factors, such as the presence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or open sores, can increase the risk of transmission.

2. Homosexual Transmission (MSM):
HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM) is more common compared to some other populations.
Unprotected anal intercourse, especially if one partner is HIV-positive and has detectable viral load, carries a higher risk of HIV transmission.
Using condoms, engaging in oral sex with precautions (such as using dental dams or condoms), and reducing the number of sexual partners can help reduce the risk of transmission among MSM.
Regular HIV testing and awareness of one's HIV status are crucial for both HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals within the MSM community.

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