Скачать или смотреть Chemistry of Vision, How vision possible (3D Animation)

chemistry of vision is a fascinating process that allows us to perceive the world around us through our eyes. Vision is made possible by a complex series of chemical reactions that occur within the cells of the retina, a layer of tissue at the back of the eye responsible for capturing light and converting it into neural signals.

The main players in the chemistry of vision are photoreceptor cells, which come in two types: rod cells and cone cells. Rod cells are highly sensitive to light and are primarily responsible for vision in low-light conditions, while cone cells are responsible for color vision and function best in bright light.

The key molecule involved in the initial step of vision is called rhodopsin, found in rod cells. Rhodopsin is a light-sensitive pigment composed of a protein called opsin and a light-absorbing molecule called retinal. When light enters the eye and reaches the retina, it gets absorbed by the retinal in rhodopsin, causing a chemical change in the molecule. This chemical change triggers a cascade of reactions, known as phototransduction, which converts the absorbed light into an electrical signal.

As a result of phototransduction, the rod or cone cell becomes "activated" and releases neurotransmitters. These neurotransmitters travel to the next layer of retinal cells, called bipolar cells, and then to ganglion cells. The ganglion cells collect and process the visual information, and their axons form the optic nerve, which transmits the visual signals to the brain.

In the brain, the visual signals are further processed in the visual cortex, where different aspects of the visual scene, such as colors, shapes, and motion, are analyzed and integrated to form a coherent visual perception.

Additionally, the chemistry of vision also involves the adaptation of the eyes to different lighting conditions. The process of dark adaptation and light adaptation is regulated by the regeneration of the light-sensitive pigments in the photoreceptor cells, enabling our eyes to adjust to changes in light levels efficiently.

The complexity of the chemistry of vision and the interconnected neural pathways involved allow us to experience the richness of the visual world, from perceiving colors and shapes to recognizing faces and interpreting our environment. It is a remarkable interplay of chemical reactions and neural processing that makes vision possible and enables us to appreciate the beauty and diversity of the world around us



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