什么是颅内表皮样囊肿 王诚 贵阳市第二人民医院

什么是颅内表皮样囊肿 王诚 贵阳市第二人民医院
颅内表皮样囊肿是指胚胎发育早期，皮肤外胚层细胞被包埋在颅内发生异位残留而形成表皮样囊肿，也有人认为部分表皮样囊肿与创伤有关系。颅内表皮样囊肿可见于任何年龄，一般统计占颅内肿瘤的1%左右，从新生儿到80岁老人均有报道。本病因其生长缓慢，虽然肿瘤很大，其临床症状仍可以很轻微。不同部位的脑内表皮样囊肿临床症状及体征亦不相同。约70%病人以三叉神经痛为首发症状，少数以面肌痉挛、面部感觉减退、耳鸣、耳聋起病。因表皮样囊肿囊壁为典型的复层鳞状上皮，在一定条件下可发生恶性变，成为鳞状上皮癌。小的无症状的表皮样囊肿可以观察，定期随诊，有症状的表皮样囊肿可考虑手术切除。如随访观察过程中囊肿增长较快或者出现其引发的临床症状，要考虑手术切除。

What is intracranial epidermoid cyst
Intracranial epidermoid cyst refers to the early stage of embryonic development, The ectoderm cells of the skin are embedded in the brain to form epidermoid cysts, It is also believed that some epidermoid cysts are related to trauma. Intracranial epidermoid cyst can be seen at any age, General statistics account for about 1% of intracranial tumors, It has been reported from newborn to 80 year old. Its growth is slow, Although the tumor is very large, Its clinical symptoms can still be very mild. The clinical symptoms and signs of epidermoid cyst in different parts of brain are also different. About 70% of patients had trigeminal neuralgia as the first symptom, In a few cases, facial spasm, facial hypoesthesia, tinnitus and deafness are the causes. Because the epidermoid cyst wall is a typical stratified squamous epithelium, Malignant changes may occur under certain conditions, It becomes squamous cell carcinoma. Small asymptomatic epidermoid cysts can be observed, Regular follow-up, Symptomatic epidermoid cysts may be considered for surgical removal. During the follow-up observation, if the cyst grows rapidly or the clinical symptoms caused by it appear, Surgical resection should be considered.