Concept No. 4 - The Biological Concepts of Species | Reproductive Isolation Mechanism |Dr. Geetendra

Concept No. 4 - The Biological Concepts of Species | Reproductive Isolation Mechanism | Dr. Geetendra | According to Ernst Mayr and the modern concept of species i.e the biological species concept, organisms belong to the same species if they can interbreed to produce viable, fertile offspring. According to the most widely used species definition, the biological species concept, a species is a group of organisms that can potentially interbreed, or mate, with one another to produce viable, fertile offspring.

In the above definition, members of the same species must have the potential to interbreed. That doesn't mean they have to be part of the same interbreeding group in real life. For Example, a dog living in America and a dog living in India are unlikely to meet but could have puppies if they did.

In some cases, organisms of different species can mate and produce healthy offspring, but the offspring are infertile, can’t reproduce.

For example, when a female horse and a male donkey mate, they produce hybrid offspring called mules. Although a mule, pictured below, is perfectly healthy and can live to a ripe old age, it is infertile and cannot have its own offspring. Because of this, we consider horses and donkeys separate species.

Reproductive Isolation: Reproductive isolation is when two populations of the same species are isolated so they no longer breed with each other.

For Example, If the fish all live in the same area, reproduce at the same time, and do so using the same method, how can they remain separate species? In this case, reproductive isolation occurs because the sperm of one species of fish is only able to latch onto and fertilize the same type of egg.


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