Mast Cells | Normal Role, Allergies, Anaphylaxis, MCAS & Mastocytosis.

Find out all about mast cells, their usual role in fighting infections and how they can cause allergies and anaphylaxis when things go wrong. Also, find out about the mast cell diseases MCAS and mastocytosis. Mast Cells line the tissues of the body exposed to the outside world. They protect us from foreign invaders, including bacteria, viruses, parasites, and venoms. When foreign invaders are detected, mast cells degranulate. This releases histamine, heparin, tryptase and other mediators from the mast cells. These cause itching, redness and swelling of tissues to allow the immune cells and antibodies to enter the tissue and remove the threat.

But, while they help us, they can also harm us. Allergic reactions occur when IgE antibodies are made to allergens like food or fragrances, and we overreact to our environment. A severe reaction will cause anaphylactic shock. These reactions can be life-threatening. People with severe food allergies must carry an EpiPen containing adrenaline to reverse these reactions.

Mast Cell Activation Disorders include Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS) and mastocytosis. These are thought to be caused by mutations in the mast cell DNA. Find out all about the symptoms they cause and their diagnosis and treatment.

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CHAPTERS:
00:00 What are mast cells?
01:22 Mast cell degranulation and normal function
02:22 What are allergies?
03:29 Classic allergy symptoms
04:16 What is anaphylactic shock?
05:12 Mast Cell Activation Disorders
05:36 What is Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS)?
05:51 MCAS Symptoms
06:45 MCAS Triggers
06:58 MCAS Diagnosis
07:14 MCAS Treatment
07:40 What causes MCAS?
08:14 What is systemic mastocytosis?
08:44 Systemic mastocytosis Diagnosis
09:28 Systemic mastocytosis Treatment

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