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The body of a machine vice is the main supporting structure that holds all other components in position and provides rigidity during machining operations. It is usually made from cast iron or cast steel, chosen for its high compressive strength, excellent vibration-damping properties, and resistance to deformation. The body forms the base and fixed jaw of the vice, making it a single, solid casting to ensure accuracy and stability.

The top surface of the body contains precision-machined guideways—either flat or dovetail type—on which the movable jaw slides smoothly. The body includes a stationary jaw face, which is ground for accuracy and may contain replaceable hardened jaw plates. The base of the body is flat and often provided with T-slots, elongated holes, or mounting slots, enabling the vice to be securely fastened to a machine table such as a drill press, milling machine, or shaper.

Reinforcing ribs and fillets are cast into the structure to increase stiffness and prevent deflection under clamping force. A passage or cavity inside the body supports the lead screw, which moves the movable jaw. Some designs also allow for a swivel base, which attaches beneath the main body for angular adjustments.

Overall, the body of a machine vice provides a rigid, stable, and accurately machined foundation that ensures precise work-holding during machining operations.