This lecture delves into the crucial early stages of startup funding, focusing on the first types of outside capital an entrepreneur typically seeks after exhausting personal savings and bootstrapping. We will explain the two subsequent funding sources: Triple F (Friends, Family, and Fools) and Angels.
Triple F: Friends, Family, and Fools
The "Triple F" designation is a tongue-in-cheek term used in the venture capital industry to refer to friends, family, and anyone "dumb enough" to invest in you at this early stage.
• This is the next logical step after bootstrapping.
• It is a legitimate funding source, and most companies start by receiving small loans from friends and family.
• The requirements for investment are very low, as the decision is often based on your personal relationship. These investors are generally not savvy enough to judge the viability of your business idea.
• While it is easy to get this money quickly, it comes with strings attached: if the business fails, it could potentially ruin the relationship, as it is difficult to run away from your family if you waste their money.
Angels: High Net Worth Investors
After Triple F funding, entrepreneurs move on to angel investors. Angels are rich or high-net-worth individuals who frequently invest in small businesses and startups, often called "angels" because they are individuals helping you out.
• Angels typically invest when you need more capital than friends and family can provide, but you do not yet qualify for a bank loan and may have little to no revenue.
• Angel investments usually range from $20,000 up to $200,000, which is more than you would get from friends and family but significantly less than venture capital.
• You can "string them together" to raise larger amounts of money.
• Angels have a lower barrier to investment than loans or venture capital because they invest their own money in small chunks, meaning they do not require approval from a board or fund. They often invest in areas where they have expertise, increasing their confidence.
We will also cover:
• Why Angels Invest: The most obvious reason is to make money, though they are interested in general upside and have no strict requirements on company size. Less obvious reasons include aiding an existing business (greasing an agreement or helping with networking) or investing for the excitement and prestige of being associated with a potentially big company.
• Finding and Working with Angels: Angels know each other and have affiliations, meaning if you meet one, they likely know many others. We will discuss techniques for finding them, such as networking with successful people in your industry and approaching them for mentorship instead of asking for money immediately. We will also review tools like LinkedIn (searching for "investor" in your industry), AngelList, Wefunder, Gusto, and FundersClub, which are social networks connecting startups and investors.
• Angel Groups and Syndicates: Learn about groups where angels band together, allowing one person to handle the due diligence (research) for the entire group, making them easier to contact than individual angels.
Finally, we will discuss the "snowball system" of the angel game, where it might take six months to find your first angel, but once you figure out what works, you may find twenty more in the next month.
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