Purpose
To standardize and modernize undergraduate and postgraduate education across India in line with NEP 2020, introducing multiple entry-exit, credit-based learning, and flexibility in curriculum and mode of delivery.
Key Features
1. Applicability
Applies to all central, state, deemed universities and their affiliated institutions.
2. Multiple Entry & Exit
Students can enter and exit programs at various stages and rejoin within 7 years.
1-year = UG Certificate (40 credits)
2-year = UG Diploma (80 credits)
3-year = UG Degree (120 credits)
4-year = UG (Hons/Hons with Research) (160 credits)
3. PG Programs
Flexible durations:
1-year PG for 4-year UG degree holders (with Hons)
2-year PG for 3-year UG graduates
Integrated 5-year UG+PG programs
PG Diploma on exit after 1 year of PG program
4. Academic Bank of Credits (ABC)
Digital platform to accumulate, transfer, and redeem credits across institutions.
5. Biannual Admissions
Allowed in January/February and July/August.
6. Eligibility
UG: After completing Class 12 (or equivalent)
PG: After completing UG degree (3 or 4 years depending on program type)
7. Skill Integration
At least 50% of credits in a UG degree must be from the core subject.
Remaining from skill, vocational, or multidisciplinary courses.
8. ODL/Online Learning & RPL
Credits from online, Open Distance Learning, and Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) are recognized.
9. Curriculum & Evaluation
Emphasis on:
Continuous internal assessment
Transparent and flexible examination system
Student performance to be graded and convertible to percentage
10. Accelerated/Extended Degrees
UG courses can be completed faster (Accelerated Degree Program – ADP) or extended (Extended Degree Program – EDP) by adjusting credit load per semester.
✅ Pros (Advantages)
📚 Multiple Entry-Exit System
Flexible learning: students can pause and resume education within 7 years.
Reduces dropouts by allowing mid-way exits with valid certification.
🧠 Skill-Based and Multidisciplinary Learning
Students can choose skill, vocational, or interdisciplinary courses alongside core subjects.
Promotes job-readiness and industry alignment.
💳 Academic Bank of Credits (ABC)
Ensures seamless credit transfer between institutions.
Enables students to personalize and pace their education.
🌐 Flexibility in Learning Modes
Supports online, distance, and blended learning.
Encourages access to education for working professionals or remote learners.
🕓 Biannual Admissions
Students get more opportunities to start their courses without waiting a full year.
🎓 Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)
Real-world experience or non-formal learning gets recognized and credited.
📏 Standardization Across India
Brings uniformity in curriculum, evaluation, and certification across institutions.
❌ Cons (Challenges)
🔄 Implementation Complexity
Universities need digital infrastructure, trained staff, and new systems to handle ABC, flexible credits, and multi-entry-exit.
🎒 Academic Dilution Risk
Flexibility may lead to inconsistent depth of knowledge if not monitored carefully.
📊 Assessment & Evaluation Burden
Continuous assessments, credit tracking, and modular learning demand more admin and teacher effort.
🧩 Student Confusion
Too many options (exits, re-entry, credit modes) might overwhelm or mislead students.
🏛️ Uneven Institutional Capacity
Not all HEIs may have the resources to offer quality online/ODL courses or handle dual-degree flexibility.
🎯 Employment Market Acceptance
Employers might take time to recognize and equally value certificates/diplomas obtained through early exits.
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