What is Remote I/O?

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In the industrial control world, we use the term I/O often. So, let’s begin our discussion today with an explanation of I/O.
The focus of our discussion will be on Remote I/O, but we’re also going to talk about Local I/O too.

In this video, we’re going to:
– Explain the terms I/O, Local I/O, and Remote I/O
– Explain why Remote I/O is used in industrial applications
– List 2 transmission mediums used to connect between the local PLC and the Remote I/O
– List 2 transmission protocols used to communicate between the local PLC and the Remote I/O

I/O stands for Input/Output.
In the industrial world, I/O refers to any device that transfers data to or from a computer such as a PLC.
For our discussion, we’ll refer to these I/O devices as I/O Modules.

Field Devices such as sensors and actuators are connected to the I/O modules.
The sensor signal representing a process variable such as liquid flow is converted by an Input I/O module and stored in the PLC memory.
The actuator receives an operating signal from an Output I/O module.

Local I/O refers to I/O modules that are housed in the same cabinet and likely connected to the controller backplane in the PLC rack.

Remote I/O simply means that the I/O module is at a remote place physically located a distance from the control PLC.
A remote I/O module will speak to the PLC via an Adaptor Module connected to the controller backplane in the PLC rack.

Why do we use Remote I/O?
In some industrial applications, it’s not possible to have a PLC with Local I/O Modules near the field devices because of the harsh environment.

Remote I/O is a solution when you want to place I/O modules close to the field devices in order to eliminate long lengths of multi-conductor cable.

With Remote I/O, signals can be received from far away sensors and control signals can be sent long distances to control valves, motors, and other final actuators.

Signals can be sent any distance on a high-speed medium such as twisted-pair wires and fiber optics using a variety of transmission protocols such as Ethernet and Profibus.

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