Mouth Breathing in Children by Patrick McKeown

The physiologic breathing mode in the human being is nasal, regardless of age. Any factor leading to the upper airway (UA) obstruction causes nasal breathing to be replaced by mouth breathing, among which mechanical events, allergic and non allergic inflammatory diseases.
However, even after these mechanical factors are removed, MB continues in most cases due to patient’s mouth breathing habit.

The mouth breathing syndrome is characterized by a set of signs and symptoms, which may be present in subjects who replace an adequate and efficient nasal breathing mode by the mouth for a period equal or superior of six months.

To identify the prevalence of mouth breathing in children at primary school ages from 6-9 years, researchers in Portugal examined 496 answered questionnaires from parents. It was found that 56.8% of children in this study breathed through their mouth.

In a randomized sample of the town's population (23,596 inhabitants). 370 children randomly selected. Clinical assessment carried out. 55% of the children involved in the study were found to be mouth breathers.

RECOGNIZING ORAL BREATHING IN CHILDREN
110 orthodontists interviewed regarding clinical evaluation of MB
No standardization for clinical recognition of MB among orthodontists
The most common procedures performed were inefficient to recognize differences between MB by habit or obstruction. Dental Press J Orthod. 2015 July-Aug;20(4):39-44

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