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chemistry,
sp3 hybridization is the process of combining one s orbital and three p orbitals to create four sp3 hybrid orbitals:
sp3 hybridization
Description
One s orbital and three p orbitals combine to form four sp3 hybrid orbitals
Characteristics
Each sp3 hybrid orbital has 25% s character and 75% p character
Structure
The sp3 hybrid orbitals are oriented at a bond angle of 109.5°, which creates a tetrahedral geometry
Explanation
Sp3 hybridization can explain the tetrahedral structure of molecules, such as methane
Sp3 hybridization occurs when an atom is surrounded by four groups of electrons. The large lobes of the sp3 hybrid orbitals point to each corner of the tetrahedron, and the lobes overlap with the unhybridized 1s orbitals of the hydrogen atoms to form the tetrahedral methane molecule.

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