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The Boonah Butter Factory is a heritage listed former butter factory in Boonah, Scenic Rim, Queensland, Australia.
During the first part of the twentieth century, it was one of the most modern butter factories in the Commonwealth, the largest butter factory in the Southern Hemisphere, had the second highest output of butter in Queensland and was a major supplier of dairy products to Brisbane. The former Boonah Butter Factory office, which is currently the premises of a local cafe, is on the Local Heritage Register of the Scenic Rim Regional Council in acknowledgement of the site's historic, aesthetic and cultural significance.

The factory was a gauge for the progress of the district, responsible for the generation and supply of electrical power to Boonah and responsible for pumping water to tanks throughout the township to assist in fighting fires.

Creameries had an important role in the establishment of the early dairy industry in the region and the first creamery in Boonah was built by the Central Dairy Company around 1894. The factory was designed and managed by Samuel Dover who had experience in the industry. Milk from local dairy farmers was delivered to the factory, processed into cream and then transported via rail to the large factories in Brisbane for churning into butter. The residue from the separation of the milk was used as a food source for pigs, which were also an important agricultural industry in the region.

There was a strong desire to remove their reliance on privately owned factories and participate in the cooperative movement in the dairy industry that was gaining momentum in Queensland. To achieve this, the first dedicated butter factory in Boonah was built by Samuel Dover in 1900 on property he owned in Church Street neighbouring the Roman Catholic Church, known as the Fassifern Butter Factory and Ice Works.

Within ten years the site on Church Street was considered too small and poorly positioned. The present site was selected and acquired on the northern entry to the township adjacent to the railway station and, in both June 1914 and March 1915, tenders were called for the new factory to be constructed. Plans and specifications were available for view.

The new butter factory was fitted with state of the art equipment and was officially opened in July 1916 by the Queensland Governor, Sir Hamilton Gold-Adams.

In 1931 salted butter from the Boonah Butter Factory was awarded the first prize at the London Dairy Show. In April 1954, manufacture commenced on a new line of products at the butter factory with the introduction of butter milk powder.

The Boonah Butter Factory closed on 1 March 1974 due to declining production with the last batch of butter coming off the production line at Boonah at 10:45am.

The Boonah Butter Factory is now part of a network of extant historic or heritage listed butter factories in South East Queensland that have been re-purposed for cultural or community use.