Скачать или смотреть Organelles Of A Cell - Mitochondria, Plastids, Ribosomes, Cytoskeleton, Cilia and Flagella

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twitter.com/LearnBiology2 Mitochondria - A city can be termed perfectly planned only when it has all the essentials present in it. One of the most important requirements in the list is "Power House" for uninterrupted Power Supply. Ever wondered what supplies power to the organelles and the complete cell to perform all the functions so well? Watch this video to get introduced to the "Powerhouse" of the Cell.

Plastids
They are double membrane organelles found in plant cells. They contain pigments and are of three types:

Chloroplasts – They contain chlorophyll and are involved in photosynthesis, where light energy is converted to chemical energy. Chloroplasts contain compartments called stroma and grana. Grana contains structures called thylakoids that contain chlorophyll. Stroma contains enzymes needed for carbohydrate and protein synthesis.
Chromoplasts – These give plants yellow, red or orange colours because they contain pigments like carotene.
Leucoplasts – These are colourless plastids that store either carbohydrates (Amyloplasts), oils and fats (Elaioplasts) or proteins (Aleuroplasts).

Ribosomes are an underrated hero of the cell and the average mammalian cell has about 10 million ribosomes! They are made of RNA and protein and their function in the cell is to read RNA and synthesize protein, very meta.

Ribosomes have two major subunits, simply called, the large and small subunits. Both subunits contain protein and RNA. The RNA in ribosomes is called (not surprisingly) ribosomal RNA, or rRNA for short.

In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes are synthesized in the nucleolus of the nucleus. The location of ribosomes in the cell determines where the protein they make ends up. Ribosomes free floating in the cytoplasm of the cell synthesize proteins to be used within the cell, while ribosomes bound to the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum synthesize proteins that will end up outside the cell, either bound to the cell membrane or released from the cell as a signaling protein for example.

Ribosomes synthesize protein in a process called translation where they “read” strands of mRNA and bring the right amino acids together to build a long polypeptide chain that that will eventually become a functioning protein. I’ll make a separate video about this whole process and link it below when it's ready.

Cilia and flagella are structures which differ in number, size , movements and functions but both have the same chemical composition and internal structure.

The three types of cytoskeletal elements, and the roles they play in cellular biology and human physiology. These include microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments.
The structure and function of cilia and flagella are also described along with the roles they play in human respiratory and reproductive. This video was developed for an introductory level general biology course, and could be delivered during a unit on the cell structure and function.