Regulation of Gluconeogenesis | Reciprocal Regulation of Gluconeogenesis and Glycolysis | Metabolism

This video provides a tutorial on Reciprocal regulation of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. These two pathways are reciprocally regulated, meaning they cannot be activated simultaneously, which result into consumption of more energy. Energy status of the cells and blood glucose concentration play a very important role in regulating gluconeogenesis. Acetyl CoA is the allosteric activator of pyruvate carboxylase enzyme and activate gluconeogenesis. Gluconeogenesis pathway is allosterically regulated by fructose 2,6-bisphosphate. It is an allosteric activator of PFK-1 enzyme where it inhibits fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase enzyme. It activates glycolysis and inhibits gluconeogenesis. During overnight fasting, when blood glucose concentration is low, glucagon level increases which then activates gluconeogenesis; whereas after having meal, blood glucose concentration rises, insulin level increases which then activates glycolysis.
The following topics are covered in this lesson,

1. What is gluconeogenesis?
2. Reciprocal regulation of gluconeogenesis and glycolysis
3. Allosteric regulation by acetyl CoA
4. How does fructos 2,6-bisphosphate regulate gluconeogenesis?
5. How does glucagon inhibit pyruvate kinase enzyme?
6. How does glucagon activate pyruvate carboxylase enzyme?
7. What is PFK-2/fructose bisphosphatase-2 enzyme?
8. How does PFK-2/fructose bisphosphatase-2 enzyme regulate gluconeogenesis?
9. What are the effects of energy charge of the cells on glycolysis and gluconeogenesis?
10. How does blood glucose concentration regulate gluconeogenesis?
11. How does liver regulate blood glucose concentration?