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Call by Value and Call by reference in C by Ashish Goel

How the Call by Value and Call by Reference Works in C programming with Details and A example....


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Actual Parameter and Formal parameter

Actual Parameters: The parameter passed to a function at the time of call.
Formal Parameters: The parameter received by a function to call this function.

actual or formal parameters


What is Call by Value?

In call by value method, the value of the actual parameters is copied into the formal parameters.
OR
We can say that the value given by the user to a variable is used by function when a user call that function.
In call by value method, we can not modify the value of the actual parameter by the formal parameter
In call by value, actual and formal parameters have different memory location besides actual parameters copies the value to the formal parameters.

The actual parameter is the argument which is used in the function call whereas formal parameter is the argument which is used in the function definition.

call by value




What is Call by Reference?

In call by reference, the address of the variable is passed into the function call as the actual parameter.
OR
We can say that the address of the variable given by the user to a variable is used by function when a user call that function.
In call by value method, we can modify the value of the actual parameter by the formal parameter.

In call by value, actual and formal parameters have same memory space because the address of the actual parameters used by the formal parameters.

The address of the argument of actual parameter is used in the function call whereas formal parameter is used the reference of the argument in the function definition.


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