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Why 16 September 1975 was chosen for PNG's Independence Day

There has long been public curiosity — and some misconceptions — about why 16 September was chosen as Papua New Guinea’s Independence Day.
The historical record shows that the date was selected with deep symbolism and careful consideration by Australia and PNG leaders, led by the late Grand Chief Sir Michael Somare.

A Symbolic Day of Peace

Sir Michael Somare explained that 16 September was chosen as a “day of peace.” The scars of World War II weighed heavily on the people of Papua and New Guinea, and September carried special significance:

Firstly, on 16 September 1943, Lae was liberated and the Australian flag raised.

Secondly, on 13 September 1945, Japan formally surrendered at Cape Wom, Wewak, ending hostilities in New Guinea.

For Somare, independence had to be declared on a date symbolising reconciliation and peace, not conflict.

Ceremonial Transition

The date also allowed for a dignified handover of sovereignty:

On 15 September 1975, the Australian flag was lowered for the last time.
On 16 September 1975, Papua New Guinea’s national flag was raised for the first time.

This mirrored the wartime symbolism — 15 September marking an end, and 16 September marking a new beginning.

Political and Practical Considerations

The year 1975 was agreed as the timeframe for independence, with mid-September chosen for practical reasons:

Firstly, it followed Australia’s parliamentary sittings.

Secondly, it avoided the rainy season, ensuring logistics and ceremonies could proceed smoothly.

Thirdly, it did not clash with Australia’s own national days.

Dispelling the Myths

Contrary to popular belief, the date was not chosen because of Pita Lus’s birthday, nor was it an arbitrary selection. It was the product of deliberate discussions between the Australian Government and Somare’s administration.

Conclusion

16 September 1975 was chosen as Papua New Guinea’s Independence Day because it symbolised peace, honoured historical milestones of liberation, and allowed for a respectful ceremonial transition from colonial rule to nationhood.