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Learn how to add custom functions to properties inside an interface in Kotlin using the new inline classes feature!
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This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/63164107/ asked by the user 'Cody' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/5412095/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/63167473/ provided by the user 'Mohsen' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/11739833/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions.

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Adding a Custom Function to a Property in Kotlin: A Step-by-Step Guide

Kotlin is known for its expressive syntax and modern concepts, but sometimes developers encounter a roadblock. One common question among Kotlin enthusiasts is: Is there any way in Kotlin to add a custom function to a property inside an interface? This query highlights a struggle to enhance data encapsulation while keeping interfaces clean and straightforward.

In this guide, we'll explore how you can achieve this by utilizing Kotlin's inline classes. Let’s break down the solution step-by-step.

Understanding the Problem

When working with interfaces in Kotlin, you often define properties that carry data. However, it can be frustrating when you want to add specific functionality to that data directly. As illustrated in the example, the aim is to call a transformation method directly on position rather than through the interface method. The challenge lies in enhancing Float3, the underlying type of the property, with additional functions without cluttering your class definitions or creating unnecessary overhead.

Example

In the context provided, you wish to transform a property position of type Float3:

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However, the current implementation requires calling a method defined at the interface level instead:

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The Solution: Inline Classes

Fortunately, Kotlin provides a powerful feature called inline classes, ideal for wrapping a type without introducing extra overhead at runtime. Inline classes allow you to create a new type that can contain properties and functions, effectively extending the functionality of the wrapped type.

Step-by-Step Implementation

Define an Inline Class: Wrap your Float3 type into an inline class. This allows you to add custom methods directly related to this specific property.

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Using the Inline Class: Now, instead of directly using Float3, you utilize the Position class:

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No Overhead During Runtime: What’s great about inline classes is that they are optimized at compile time. When you use the position variable, it gets treated as Float3 in the background, ensuring no performance penalties.

Important Note

While working with Kotlin, be mindful of naming conventions. For instance, avoid starting function names with uppercase letters:

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Conclusion

Using inline classes is a powerful way to extend properties in Kotlin while maintaining clarity and efficiency. By wrapping your Float3 type, you have successfully added a method that can be directly called on the property, allowing for a more elegant solution to your problem.

Now, whether you are dealing with geometry or any other domain, inline classes in Kotlin open up new avenues to create lightweight and functional code!

Feel free to share your thoughts and experiences in the comments below. Happy coding!