什么是病理检查 王丽霞 山西省肿瘤医院

什么是病理检查 王丽霞 山西省肿瘤医院
病理检查是指用以检查机体器官组织或者细胞中的病理改变的病理形态学方法；为探讨器官组织或者是细胞所发生的疾病过程，探讨病变产生的原因、发病机理、病变的发生发展过程，最后做出病理诊断；病理形态学检查方法指先用肉眼观察，大体病理标本的病变，然后切取一定大小的病变组织，用病理组织学方法制成病理切片，通常将病变组织包埋在石蜡块里，用切片机切成薄片，再用苏木素、伊红染色，用显微镜进一步检查病变做出病理诊断，为临床提供可靠的防治疾病的依据，并可推测疾病的预后，病理检查已大量应用于临床工作及科学研究，在临床方面主要进行尸体病理解剖及手术病理检查；手术病理检查包括手术切除标本的检查以及为诊断而采取的较小活检标本检查，随着自然科学的迅速发展，新仪器设备和技术应用到医学中来，超微结构病理分子病理学、免疫病理学、遗传病理学等方法也都应用到病理检查中。

What is pathological examination
Pathological examination refers to the pathomorphological method used to examine the pathological changes in the tissues or cells of the body; To explore the disease process of organ tissue or cell, To explore the causes, pathogenesis and development of pathological changes, Finally, pathological diagnosis was made; Pathomorphological examination means to observe with naked eyes first, Pathological changes of gross pathological specimens, Then the diseased tissue of a certain size was cut, Pathological sections were made by means of histopathology, The diseased tissue is usually embedded in paraffin, Slice with slicer, Then stained with hematoxylin and eosin, The pathological diagnosis was made by further examination with microscope, To provide reliable basis for clinical prevention and treatment of diseases, The prognosis of the disease can be inferred, Pathological examination has been widely used in clinical work and scientific research, In clinical aspect, autopsy and surgical pathology were performed; Surgical pathology includes the examination of resected specimens and the examination of smaller biopsy specimens for diagnosis, With the rapid development of natural science, New instruments, equipment and technologies are applied to medicine, Ultrastructural pathology, molecular pathology, immunopathology, genetic pathology and other methods are also applied to pathological examination.